Mechatronics and Control (MBME06006) MBA Tech (Mechanical) Sem VI Teaching Scheme:- Theory lectures per week3 hrs Practical per week2 hrs Credit of a course4 Pre requisite:- Fluid mechanics

Course Objective:-  To understand the principles of multidisciplinary approach in development of efficient and productive Mechatronics systems.  To study hydraulic and pneumatics and PLC system employed in modern manufacturing industry.  To introduce the concepts of control engineering. Course outcome:- After completion of this course, students should be able to Apply the knowledge of various sensors and actuators and apply them in the development of indigenous mechatronics system. Develop the basic hydraulic and pneumatic circuits and simple ladder logic diagram to be used in modern manufacturing industries. Mathematically model and analyses system/process for standard input responses.

Evaluation Scheme:- ComponentsDescriptionsMarksWeight End Examinations There will be one end term exam after the completion of all the sessions 7070 % Practical and assignments Spread throughout. They will be given at a particular interval in the class % Sessional TestsThree mid term test based on theory and application exercises %

Sr. no AuthorSubjectPublisher 1Bolton Mechatronics a multidisciplinary approach Pearson 2R.K. RajputMechatronicsS.Chand 3Nagrath GopalControl system engineeringNew age publications Prescribed texts

Unit 1: Introduction “The name [Mechatronics] was coined by Ko Kikuchi, now president of Yasakawa Electric Co., Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo.” [ R. Comerford, “Mecha … what?” IEEE Spectrum, 31(8), 46-49, 1994.] “ The word, mechatronics is composed of mecha from mechanics and tronics from electronics. In other words, technologies and developed products will be incorporating electronics more and more into mechanisms, intimately and organically, and making it impossible to tell where one ends and the other begins.” [T. Mori, “Mechatronics,” Yasakawa Internal Trademark Application Memo, , July 12, 1969] Mechatronics Means

“Integration of electronics, control engineering, and mechanical engineering.” – W. Bolton, Mechatronics: Electronic Control Systems in Mechanical Engineering, Longman, “Application of complex decision making to the operation of physical systems.” – D. M. Auslander and C. J. Kempf, Mechatronics: Mechanical System Interfacing, Prentice-Hall, “Synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes.” – F. Harshama, M. Tomizuka, and T. Fukuda, “Mechatronics-what is it, why, and how?-and editorial,” IEEE/ASME Trans. on Mechatronics, 1(1), 1-4, Other Definitions:-

Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of sensors, actuators, signal conditioning, power electronics, decision and control algorithms, and computer hardware and software to manage complexity, uncertainty, and communication in engineered systems. [engineering.nyu.edu/gk12/amps-cbri/pdf/Intro%20to%20Mechatronics.pdf] Refined Definitions Mechatronics basically refers to mechanical electronic systems and normally described as a synergistic combination of mechanics, electrical, electronics, computer and control which, when combined, make possible the generation of simple, more economic, and reliable systems. [

Mechatronics at a Glance Kevin Craig Marquette University

Example:- Kevin Craig Marquette University

Mechatronics in Modern Manufacturing and Design

1)As replacement of mechanics with electronics or enhance mechanics with electronics. Mechanical fuel injection systems are now replaced with electronic fuel injection systems. 2) With the help of microelectronics and sensor technology, mechatronics systems are providing high levels of precision and reliability. Possible to move (in x – y plane) the work table of a modern production machine tool in a step of mm. 3) By employment of reprogrammable microcontrollers/microcomputers, it is now easy to add new functions and capabilities to a product or a system. Intelligent domestic washing machines Automobile are equipped with different accessories. Advantages of Mechatronics in Manufacturing/Mechanical

Role of Mechatronics in Design and Manufacturing:- Today’s market is very competitive due to variety of demand of customers as well as higher levels of flexibility in the products. Design and develop a certain product involve a typical risk which manufacturer is facing now a days. Reducing life cycle of product and lead time in manufacturing also demands efficient planning and manufacturing. Mechatronics concurrently employs the different disciplines at the stage of design. Mechanical -Various machines and mechanisms, Product design and development activities, materials and manufacturing resource planning Electrical engineering -Various electric prime movers viz. AC/DC, servo motors and other systems is used. Control engineering-Development of various electronics-based control systems to enhance or replace the mechanics of the mechanical systems. Computer Engineering - Various soft wares to control the control systems;

Computer Aided Design (CAD) / Computer Aided Analysis (CAE):- Three-dimensional models of products can easily be developed. These models can then be analyzed and can be simulated for their performances. Parameters of simulation can be enriched time to time with the real-life performances of the similar kind of products. Can get approximate idea about performance of the product/system in early stage of design which helps in modification and updating. In traditional design and manufacturing design assessment was carried out after first batch. Role of Mechatronics in Design and Manufacturing:-

Role of Mechatronics in Design and Manufacturing:- Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM):-using the design data  Automatic process planning,  Automatic part programming,  Manufacturing resource planning,  Manufacturing targets in terms of quality and quantity with in a stipulated time frame. Mechatronics based automated systems can be deployed to improve efficiency such as automatic inspection and quality assurance,  Automatic packaging,  Record making, and  Automatic dispatch Automation in the machine tools improves the process efficiency and product quality as human intervention is reduced in the machining operation

Traditional SystemMechatronics system Components are designed using mechanical, hydraulics and pneumatic principles only. Mechanical, electronics, computer technology and control engineering principles are included to design a system. Designs are less flexible.More flexible can change as per requirement. Less accurate.Using microcontrollers and other electronics components system become more accurate. Complicated design for any movementCompact and simple in design. Involves more component and moving parts, increase in weight. Less moving parts with lightweight. Comparison

Applications of Mechatronics in day to day life AreaUse AgricultureTractors; farm equipment such as mowers, ploughs, chemical and water sprayers, fertilizer spreaders, harvesters AutomationAutomated transfer lines, robotics Automobiles Power steering, power brakes, suspension systems, hydrostatic transmission AviationFluid power equipment such as landing wheels in aircraft. Helicopters, aircraft trolleys, aircraft test beds, luggage loading and unloading systems, ailerons, aircraft servicing, flight simulators Construction industry/equipment For metering and mixing of concrete rudders, excavators, lifts, bucket loaders, crawlers, post-hole diggers, road graders, road cleaners, road maintenance vehicles, tippers DefenseMissile-launching systems, navigation controls EntertainmentAmusement park entertainment rides such as roller coasters Fabrication industryHand tools such as pneumatic drills, grinders, borers, riveting machines, nut runners

AreaUse Food and beverageAll types of food processing equipment, wrapping, bottling, FoundryFull and semi-automatic molding machines, tilting of furnaces, die-casting machines Glass industryVacuum suction cups for handling Hazardous gaseous areas Hydraulic fracturing technologies: It involves pumping large volumes of water and sand into a well at high pressure to fracture shale and other tight formations, allowing hazardous oil and gas to flow into the well. However, hydraulic fracturing has serious environmental and water pollution related issues InstrumentationUsed to create/operate complex instruments in space rockets, gas turbines, nuclear power plants, industrial labs Jigs and fixturesWork holding devices, clamps, stoppers, indexers Machine toolsAutomated machine tools, numerically controlled(NC) machine tools Applications of Mechatronics in day to day life

AreaUse Materials handlingJacks, hoists, cranes, forklifts, conveyor systems MedicalMedical equipment such as breathing assistors, heart assist devices, cardiac compression machines, dental drives and human patient simulator MoviesSpecial-effect equipment use fluid power; movies such as Jurassic park, Jaws, Anaconda, Titanic MiningRock drills, excavating equipment, ore conveyors, loaders Newspapers and periodicals Edge trimming, stapling, pressing, bundle wrapping Oil industryOff-shore oil rigs Paper and packagingProcess control systems, special-purpose machines for rolling and packing PharmaceuticalsProcess control systems such as bottle filling, tablet placement, packaging Plastic industryAutomatic injection moulding machines, raw material feeding, jaw closing, movement of slides of blow moulder Applications of Mechatronics in day to day life

Elements in Mechatronics system. Mechanical:- Refer to mechanical structure, mechanism, thermo-fluid, and hydraulic aspects of a mechatronics system. The mechanical element may include static/dynamic characteristics and it interacts with its environment purposefully. The mechanical elements of mechatronics systems require physical power to produce motion, force, heat, etc. Electromechanical elements:- refer to sensors and actuators. A variety of physical variables can be measured using sensors, e.g., light using photo- resistor, level and displacement using potentiometer, direction/tilt using magnetic sensor, sound using microphone, stress and pressure using strain gauge; touch using micro-switch; temperature using thermistor and humidity using conductivity sensor. Actuators such as light emitting diode (LED), DC servomotor, stepper motor, relay, solenoid,

Electrical elements refer to electrical components (e.g., resistor (R), capacitor (C), inductor (L), transformer, etc.), circuits, and analog signals. Electronic elements refer to analog/digital electronics, transistors, thyristors, opto-isolators, operational amplifiers, power electronics, and signal conditioning. The electrical/electronic elements are used to interface electro-mechanical sensors and actuators to the control interface hardware elements : Electrical/Electronic

Control Interface/ Computing Hardware: Control interface/computing hardware elements refer to analog-to-digital (A2D) converter, digital-to-analog (D2A) converter, digital input/output (I/O), counters, timers, microprocessor, microcontroller, data acquisition and control (DAC) board, and digital signal processing (DSP) board. The control interface hardware allows analog/digital interfacing, i.e., communication of sensor signal to the control computer and communication of control signal from the control computer to the actuator. The control computing hardware implements a control algorithm, which uses sensor measurements, to compute control actions to be applied by the actuator.

Computer elements refer to hardware/software utilized to perform computer-aided dynamic system analysis, optimization, design, and simulation; virtual instrumentation; rapid control prototyping; hardware-in-the-loop simulation; and PC-based data acquisition and control. Computer Elements