Coastal Management Activities Mr Daly Friday, 1 February 2019 Learning Objective: Investigate the different perspectives of how Coastal Land should be used Learning Outcome: To acknowledge the responses of individuals, groups and governments to our Coastline Success Criteria: To be able to communicate how Tweed Heads solved local coastline issues Activities Activity 1: Mapping Activity 2: Reading and Concept Map Activity 3: Comprehension

Coastal Management Mr Daly The nature of Coastal Management Friday, 1 February 2019 The nature of Coastal Management Over time, people have realised that coastal management requires an understanding of the processes that affect coastal environments. The Australian coastline is a resource under pressure due to human activity that is changing the natural processes that have formed and shaped the coastal environment over thousands of years. Issues in coastal environments centre around managing human alterations to natural processes and repairing damage.

To manage the coast sustainably we need to understand: Mr Daly The impacts of Coastal Management Friday, 1 February 2019 To manage the coast sustainably we need to understand: The coastal environment and the effect of physical processes The effect of human activities within the coastal zone The different perspectives of coastal users How to achieve a balance between conservation and development How decisions are made about the ways in which coasts will be used How to evaluate the success of individuals, groups and the levels of governments in managing coastal issues.

Coastal Management Mr Daly Things that affect and erode our Coastline Friday, 1 February 2019 Things that affect and erode our Coastline Housing and Development When humans attempt to use these areas for housing, this natural cycle is interrupted and sand banks become depleted. Over time, this has destroyed many of Australia's beautiful beaches. Cliff-top housing is also dangerous because of its interference with these natural processes Ports and Marinas Stone breakwaters stretching far out to sea are also constructed around ports and marinas to reduce the impact of waves and tidal fluctuations. This has the negative consequence of hindering natural erosion and mineral deposition processes

Coastal Management Mr Daly Things that affect and erode our Coastline Friday, 1 February 2019 Things that affect and erode our Coastline Stormwater run-off and Pollution Vast areas of land covered in concrete and bitumen, particularly in large cities, generate an enormous amount of contaminated stormwater and rainwater run-off. This pollutes our waterways and damages fragile coastal ecosystems. Sand Mining Australia has the world's largest Economic Demonstrated Resource (EDR) of these mineral sands and they are an important source of export earnings. Their extraction, however, requires the quarrying of beaches, which disrupts the natural cycles that form sand banks and destroys the habitats of many plants and animals.

Coastal Management Mr Daly Things that affect and erode our Coastline Friday, 1 February 2019 Things that affect and erode our Coastline Recreation and Tourism The use of sand dune for recreational purposes, such as 4WD use, damages the sand dune formation, destroys flora and scares away fauna. Excessive boating activities in river mouths and estuaries has also led to extensive erosion of river banks and vegitation

Coastal Management Mr Daly Friday, 1 February 2019 The responses by individuals, groups and governments to Coastal Management The NSW Government created the NSW Government’s Coastline Management Manual in 1990. This document stated that NSW local councils were obligated to set up; A Committee to help maintain and investigate the local Coastline Prepare and conduct and investigation of how we use and what hazards face the local Coastline http://www.newcastle.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/139627/StocktonShiftingSandsReport.pdf

What can we do to improve our Coastline? Mr Daly What can we do to improve our Coastline? Improve and only using pathways designated for walking or driving. Plant more flora around beaches to strengthen and maintain current sand levels Restrict new developments on and around beaches Educate the community on how they can assist in maintaining our Coastlines Provide incentives for research into coastal management strategies Provide financial incentives for councils maintaining their coastlines Friday, 1 February 2019

Individuals and Groups The responses by individuals, groups and governments to Coastal Management Individuals and Groups Local Government State Government Federal Government Raise awareness Use Pathways Donate time/money Invest in Coastline rejuvenation Make awareness campaigns Improve public transport Limit development Fund Research Promote Awareness Activity: Create a Poster that you would place on Stockton Beach raising awareness about how we, student on RTHS, can improve our Coastline On a whole page state your ideas, draw pictures, use colour.

Answer questions 1-3 on page 217 Mr Daly Coastal Management Friday, 1 February 2019 RetroActive 2 Read page 216 and 217 Answer questions 1-3 on page 217