Adil M. Abdalla ICOMOS, PMI, AACE, APMG, PRINCE2, IAPLE, IFMA, MBIFM, 6 σ December 2009

Inscription of Monuments Contents 2 ICOMOS Framework Inscription Process Example: Sudan

Inscription of Monuments Framework 3 Tangible Heritage WHC World Heritage Center WHC World Heritage Center Oral Traditions & Expressions Intangible Heritage Performing Arts Social Practices, Rituals & Festive Events Social Practices, Rituals & Festive Events Cultural Properties Natural Properties Mixed Properties Knowledge & Practices on Nature & Universe Knowledge & Practices on Nature & Universe Traditional Craftsmanship

Inscription of Monuments Cultural Governance 4 InterventionIntervention SupportSupport RegulationsRegulations ICOMOS ICCROM UNESCO Regional Org. ICOM Intl Programs AKF WHC Various NGOs

Inscription of Monuments Cultural Governance 5 Road-mapping

Local SIG is a Special Interest Group; which is an NGO; which is delegated and authorized to manage a particular heritage locality on behalf of the Gov Agency Local SIGs Local SIGs Inscription of Monuments Framework 6 Strategy Programs Actions National ICOMOS Committee National ICOMOS Committee National Agency National Agency National Government Science & Research Centers

Proprietary Regulatory Implementations National Scientific Committees Public Ownership Inscriptions & Listing Research Mgmt Private Ownership KC & Communications Interventions Mgmt Mixed Ownership Permissions Presentations Mgmt Planning & Monitoring Maintenance Mgmt National Agency for Tangible Heritage Management National Agency for Tangible Heritage Management Inscription of Monuments Framework 7 The Government

Inscription of Monuments International Committees 8 ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON CULTURAL ROUTES (CIIC) ICOFORT ICOMOS International Scie ntific Committee on Fortifications and Military HeritageICOFORT ICBS

Inscription of Monuments Contents 9 ICOMOS Framework Inscription Process Example: Sudan

Inscription of Monuments The Cultural Heritage 10 The legacy of physical and intangible attributes of the past of a group or society that are selected from the past, and inherited, maintained in the present and bestowed for the benefit of future generations. What is considered cultural heritage by one generation may be rejected by the next generation, only to be revived by a succeeding generation. Physical or "tangible cultural heritage" includes buildings and historic places, monuments, artifacts, etc., that are considered worthy of preservation for the future. These include objects significant to the archaeology, architecture, science or technology of a specific culture. Heritage can also include cultural landscapes (natural features that may have cultural attributes) Recently heritage practitioners have moved from classifying heritage as natural as man has intervened in the shaping of nature in the past four million years.

Inscription of Monuments Conventions of Cultural Heritage 11 There are more than 29 Charters, Conventions, Declarations, Agreements and Treaties that govern the inscriptions on Cultural Heritage, and adequate means for protection, rehabilitation and use. In addition, Formal World Heritage List, and Heritage in Danger List, are critical tools in the process to align and develop international cooperation. Significant was the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage that was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO in As of 2008, there are 878 World Heritage Sites: 678 cultural, 174 natural, and 26 mixed properties, in 145 countries. Each of these sites is considered important to the international community.

Inscription of Monuments ICOMOS 12 The International Council on Monuments and Sites is an association of professionals that currently brings together approximately 9500 members throughout the world. ICOMOS works for the conservation and protection of cultural heritage places. It is the only global non-government organization of this kind, which is dedicated to promoting the application of theory, methodology, and scientific techniques to the conservation of the architectural and archaeological heritage. Its work is based on the principles enshrined in the 1964 International Charter on the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites (the Venice Charter). ICOMOS is a network of experts that benefits from the interdisciplinary exchange of its members, among which are architects, historians, archaeologists, art historians, geographers, anthropologists, engineers and town planners. The members of ICOMOS contribute to improving the preservation of heritage, the standards and the techniques for each type of cultural heritage property : buildings, historic cities, cultural landscapes and archaeological sites

Inscription of Monuments Criteria for Selection 13 To be included on the World Heritage List, sites must be of outstanding universal value and meet at least one out of ten selection criteria. These criteria are explained in the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention which, besides the text of the Convention, is the main working tool on World Heritage. The criteria are regularly revised by the Committee to reflect the evolution of the World Heritage concept itself.

Inscription of Monuments Criteria for Selection 14 ii To represent a masterpiece of human creative genius; iiii To exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design; iiiiii To bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared; iviv To be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history; vv To be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change;

Inscription of Monuments Criteria for Selection 15 viivii to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; viiiviii to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features; ixix to be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals; xx to contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in- situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation. vivi to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria);

Inscription of Monuments Inscription Lists 16 Until the end of 2004, World Heritage sites were selected on the basis of six cultural and four natural criteria. With the adoption of the revised Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention, only one set of ten criteria exists. The protection, management, authenticity and integrity of properties are also important considerations. Since 1992 significant interactions between people and the natural environment have been recognized as cultural landscapes. Until the end of 2004, World Heritage sites were selected on the basis of six cultural and four natural criteria. With the adoption of the revised Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention, only one set of ten criteria exists. The protection, management, authenticity and integrity of properties are also important considerations. Since 1992 significant interactions between people and the natural environment have been recognized as cultural landscapes.

Inscription of Monuments National ICOMOS Committees 17

Inscription of Monuments Nomination Process 18 The first step a country must take is to make an inventory' of its important natural and cultural heritage sites located within its boundaries. This inventory' is known as the Tentative List, and provides a forecast of the properties that a State Party may decide to submit for inscription in the next five to ten years and which may be updated at any time. It is an important step since the World Heritage Committee cannot consider a nomination for inscription on the World Heritage List unless the property has already been included on the State Party's Tentative List. -1- Tentative List -1- Tentative List GovernmentGovernmentAcademia & Professional Academia NGO / SIG/ NPO Enlisting in Local Inscription and Communicate with the Intl Agencies Initial Reports on Architectural, Urban, Historical and Engineering Merits Awareness Campaigns and Formation of Assembly/Groups

Inscription of Monuments Nomination Process 19 By preparing a Tentative List and selecting sites from it, a State Party can plan when to present a nomination file. The World Heritage Centre offers advice and assistance to the State Party in preparing this file, which needs to be as exhaustive as possible, making sure the necessary documentation and maps are included. The nomination is submitted to the World Heritage Centre for review and to check it is complete. Once a nomination file is complete the World Heritage Centre sends it to the appropriate Advisory Bodies for evaluation. -2- The Nomination File -2- The Nomination File GovernmentGovernmentAcademia & Professional Academia NGO / SIG/ NPO Elaborate Managing and Administration Authorities and Framework Produce more Research and Scientific Data to Support Inscription Initiate Fund-raising Campaigns for Preservation and Operations

Inscription of Monuments Nomination Process 20 A nominated property is independently evaluated by two Advisory Bodies mandated by the World Heritage Convention: the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) and the World Conservation Union (IUCN), which respectively provide the World Heritage Committee with evaluations of the cultural and natural sites nominated. The third Advisory Body is the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM), an intergovernmental organization which provides the Committee with expert advice on conservation of cultural sites, as well as on training activities. -3- The Advisory Bodies -3- The Advisory Bodies GovernmentGovernmentAcademia & Professional Academia NGO / SIG/ NPO Facilitate the ICOMOS Delegations and Coordinate all Supporting Activities Initiate Academic Papers and Forums to Support and Enrich Related Interests Coordinate with Government and Academia on the Sites Distinction

Inscription of Monuments Nomination Process 21 Once a site has been nominated and evaluated, it is up to the intergovernmental World Heritage Committee to make the final decision on its inscription. Once a year, the Committee meets to decide which sites will be inscribed on the World Heritage List. It can also defer its decision and request further information on sites from the States Parties. -4- The World Heritage Committee -4- The World Heritage Committee GovernmentGovernmentAcademia & Professional Academia NGO / SIG/ NPO Compile all Formal and Informal Support to Win the Full Inscription Encourage Research Programs, Curriculum and Documentation of the Monument Support, Volunteering and Campaigning for the Monument

Inscription of Monuments Nomination Process 22 To be included on the World Heritage List, sites must be of outstanding universal value and meet at least one out of ten selection criteria. These criteria are explained in the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention which, besides the text of the Convention, is the main working tool on World Heritage. The criteria are regularly revised by the Committee to reflect the evolution of the World Heritage concept itself. -5- The Criteria for Selection -5- The Criteria for Selection GovernmentGovernmentAcademia & Professional Academia NGO / SIG/ NPO Sustain the Performance and Delivery of the Authorized Agency Assist in Planning, Management and Sustainable Administration Sustain Support, Volunteering and Campaigning for the Monument

Inscription of Monuments Contents 23 ICOMOS Framework Inscription Process Example: Sudan

Inscription of Monuments Example: Sudan 24 Inscribed Sudanese Properties Date of Inscription: 2003 Criteria: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) Property : ha Buffer zone: ha Northern state, province of Meroe N E Ref: 1073(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) Justification for Inscription Criteria i, ii, iii and iv: The pyramids and tombs, being also part of the special desert border landscape, on the banks of the Nile, are unique in their typology and technique. The remains are the testimony to an ancient important culture which existed and flourished in this region only. Criterion (vi): Since antiquity the hill of Gebel Barkal has been strongly associated with religious traditions and local folklore. For this reason, the largest temples (Amon Temple for example) were built at the foot of the hill and are still considered by the local people as sacred places. Inscribed Sudanese Properties Date of Inscription: 2003 Criteria: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) Property : ha Buffer zone: ha Northern state, province of Meroe N E Ref: 1073(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) Justification for Inscription Criteria i, ii, iii and iv: The pyramids and tombs, being also part of the special desert border landscape, on the banks of the Nile, are unique in their typology and technique. The remains are the testimony to an ancient important culture which existed and flourished in this region only. Criterion (vi): Since antiquity the hill of Gebel Barkal has been strongly associated with religious traditions and local folklore. For this reason, the largest temples (Amon Temple for example) were built at the foot of the hill and are still considered by the local people as sacred places.

Inscription of Monuments Example: Sudan 25 Failed Sudanese Properties for Inscription Dinder National Park (28/09/2004) Kerma (01/09/1994) Old Dongola (01/09/1994) Sanganeb National Park (28/09/2004) Suakin (01/09/1994) The Island of Meroe (31/08/2004) Wadi Howar National Park (28/09/2004) Failed Sudanese Properties for Inscription Dinder National Park (28/09/2004) Kerma (01/09/1994) Old Dongola (01/09/1994) Sanganeb National Park (28/09/2004) Suakin (01/09/1994) The Island of Meroe (31/08/2004) Wadi Howar National Park (28/09/2004)