AUSTRALIA Commonwealth of Australia

CONTENTS Summary History Government Geography Environment Culture

THE STATE FLAG AND EMBLEM Flag and Coat of arms

ANTHEM Advance Australia Fair Australians all let us rejoice For we are young and free We've golden soil and wealth for toil, Our home is girt by sea: Our land abounds in nature's gifts Of beauty rich and rare, In history's page let every stage Advance Australia fair, In joyful strains then let us sing Advance Australia fair. Beneath our radiant Southern Cross, We'll toil with hearts and hands, To make this Commonwealth of ours Renowned of all the lands, For those who've come across the seas We've boundless plains to share, With courage let us all combine To advance Australia fair. In joyful strains then let us sing, Advance Australia fair.

CAPITAL CITY: CANBERRA LARGEST CITY: SYDNEY OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: NONE NATIONAL LANGUAGE: ENGLISH Government House, Canberra, also known as Yarralumla.

AREA 2,969,907 sq mi (7,692,024 km 2 )

AUSTRALIAS STATES (6) AND TERRITORIES (2) New South Wales Victoria Queensland Western Australia South Australia Tasmania Northern Territory Australian Capital Territory

POPULATION 2014 estimate - 23,405, census - 21,507,717 Density – 7.3/sq mi (2.8/km 2 )

HISTORY Portrait of Cpt. James Cook, the first European to map the eastern coastline of Australia in 1770.

HISTORY During 17 th century Dutch named the island New Holland, but they made no attempt at settlement. In 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. Tasmania was settled in 1803, became a separate colony until South Australia was founded as afree province and was therefore never a penal colony.

GOVERN MENT Tony Abbott, Prime Minister of Australia.

GOVERNMENT Australia is a constitutional monarchy with a federal division of powers. It uses a parliamentary system of government with Queen Elizabeth II as the Queen of Australia. The Queen lives in the United Kingdom (London), and in Australia is represented by her viceroys.

GOVERNMENT The federal government is separated into three branches: The legislature: the bicameral Parliament, the Senate, and the House of Representatives The executive: the Federal Executive Council, in practice the Governor-General as advised by the Prime Minister and Ministers of State The judiciary: the High Court of Australia and other federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Governor-General on advice of the Council.

GOVERNMENT In the Senate, there are 76 senators. The House of Representatives has 150 members.

GEOGR APHY Everlastings on Mount Hotham, located in Victoria.

GEOGRAPHY Australia is surrounded by the: Arafura & Timor Sea, Coral Sea, Tasman Sea. The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef build in Coral Sea.

GEOGRAPHY The highest mount of the Australian mainland is Mount Kosciuszko, located in the Great Dividing Range with 2,228 metres (7,310 ft). Even higher is Mawson Peak (at 2,745 metres or 9,006 feet), in the remote Australian territory of Heard Island.

ENVIRON MENT The koala and the eucalyptus form an iconic Australian pair

ENVIRONMENT Australian forests are mostly made up of evergreen species, particularly eucalyptus trees in the less arid regions. Australia is a host of marsupials, the kangaroo, koala, and wombat, and birds such as the emu and the kookaburra.

CULTURE The Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne was the first building in Australia to be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004.

CULTURE Since 1788, the basis of Australian culture has been strongly influenced by Anglo-Celtic Western culture. Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema.

CULTURE Arts Australian visual arts have begun with the cave paintings, rock engravings and body paintings. The country landscape remain a source of inspiration for Australian modernist artists. It has been displayed in acclaimed works of Sidney Nolan, Fred Williams, Sydney Long and Clifton Pugh.

CULTURE Cuisine The food of Australians Aborgines was largely influenced by the area in which they lived. Examples of Australian native plant foods include the fruits: quandong, kutjera, muntries, riberry, Davidson's plum, and finger lime. Australian wine is produced in 60 distinct production areas of approximately 160,000 hectares, mainly in the southern, cooler parts of the country. The Pavlova has been consumed in Australia since the 20th century.

CULTURE Sport Approximately 24% of Australians over the age of 15 regularly participate in organised sport activities. Australia has strong international teams in cricket, field hockey, netball, rugby league. Australia is also powerful in track cycling, rowing, and swimming. Swimming is the famous sport. They are the second-most succesful nation in medal collection in the Olympic history.

SOURCES Wikimedia Česká republika Wikipedia Australia tourism Art Gallery of New South Wales

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