Surgical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) with Vena Cava Tumour Thrombus Emanuele Belgrano, Carlo Trombetta, Salvatore Siracusano, Giorgio Carmignani, Giuseppe Martorana, Giovanni Liguori European Urology Supplements Volume 5, Issue 8, Pages 610-618 (June 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001 Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Levels of inferior vena cava tumour thrombi. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 Tourniquet loops are placed around the inferior vena cava below the renal and hepatic veins and around the contralateral renal vein. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 3 Diagram illustrating the venous bypass: Cannulae are placed into the right atrium, the distal inferior vena cava and the inferior mesenteric vein; in this manner venous blood from lower body and portal circle is delivered into the right atrium. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 4 Incision in the right atrium showing the presence of a free-floating thrombus. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 5 Life table of patients with caval thrombus who underwent radical nephrectomy. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 6 Life table of patients with caval wall infiltration, distant metastases and caval thrombus alone (M0N0). European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 7 Kaplan-Meier cumulative estimates of overall 10-year survival rate. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 8 Kaplan-Meier cumulative estimates of overall 10-year survival rate stratified by lymph nodes. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions
Fig. 9 Trend of deaths at 10-year follow-up. European Urology Supplements 2006 5, 610-618DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2006.04.001) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions