The Principles of Folktale in Igbo Society

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Presentation transcript:

The Principles of Folktale in Igbo Society Otu Mgbe: The Principles of Folktale in Igbo Society

Questions to consider: Why did folk tales serve such an integral role in Igbo society throughout adulthood? What (if any) corresponding tradition to the oral tale do we have in modern American society?

Purpose of story in Igbo life Story-telling served 3 goals in Igbo society: Entertainment Moral and societal tradition Artistic genre J.O.J. Nwachuckwu-Agbada, “The Igbo Folktale: Performance Conditions and Internal Characteristics”

entertainment Similar to theater Performer was expected to know “role” of storyteller Audience participation and judgment Performances preserved “order and balance” of society on smaller scale

morality and tradition Tales repeated throughout villages, families Archetypal themes easy to remember Unite mythical, spiritual, and concrete realms Serve as educational tools for children Pass along rules of order

artistry in folk tales Tales included songs as part of ritual Storytellers respected ritual of tales Stories told after dark during dry season Standard openings and group responses

stories from “things fall apart” 13 different animal tales referenced, using 11 different titular characters The Tortoise (chapter 11) is the Master Trickster in Igbo tales Stories illustrate male/female values, moral codes

Some Examples: “Let kite perch and eagle, too. If one says no to the other, let his wing break.” --ch.3 Extending hospitality is essential to one’s success and well-being. “The little bird nza who so far forgot himself… that he challenged his chi.” --ch. 4 Do not think so highly of oneself that one forgets his proper place. “Eneke-nti-oba challenged the whole world to wrestle and was bested by a cat.” --ch 7. Grace and skill are more formidable than strength and bravado. Mosquitoes buzz by ears as a reminder of their love and devotion. --ch 9 Explanation of how things work in the world.

And: Snake-lizard killed his mother, then killed himself. --ch 9 None are above the rules of society. Tortoise names himself “All of You” to eat all the food at the feast. Later, parrot delivers the wrong message to Tortoise’s wife. --ch 11 Be wary of false friends; Don’t make enemies, they will retaliate! (After exile in Mbanta) Mother Kite teaches her daughter how/what to hunt. --ch 15 When a situation is odd, beware.

The final tale: Eneke the bird was asked why he was always on the wing and he replied: “Men have learned to shoot without missing their mark and I have learned to fly without perching on a twig.” How can this be interpreted in respect to Ogonkwo? The villages? The future?