Flip Learning - Source Work?

True or False Recap Look at the statements you have been given Sort them into true and false columns based on the information you gained last lesson Think about who the SA were and Hitler’s objectives

True False  The SA had protected Hitler from harm and beaten up his opponents Hitler didn’t mind the SA/Rohm having power- they gave him protection   The leader of the SA was named Ernst Rohm Hitler did not need to please the army. The SA was his own private army Hitler was worried that Rohm was becoming too powerful SA members did not want more pay now Hitler was in power – they were happy with what they had The SA already had more members than the German Army Hitler was a man who wanted power equally shared. He did not just want it in his hands  Hitler needed the army more than the SA Hitler needed the army to get back the land Germany had lost in the Treaty of Versailles

Good learning: Describe how the Nazis reduced employment Great learning: Explain what sections of society this affected Even better: Analyse whether Hitler met his aims

Economy The state of a country in terms of the production/consumption of goods and services/supply of money. Nazi Economic Policies Actions that the Nazi government took in an attempt to improve the economy

Set up schemes to help the unemployed but only focused on big business Over six million Germans were out of work when Hitler came to power in 1933. What did the Nazis do about this? Option B The Nazis set up a number of schemes, programmes and organisations to get Germans back to work. They promised to use radical methods to solve the countries 2 main problems. Desperate unemployment and a crisis in German farming OPTION A Absolutely nothing. The Nazis had gained power now so it did not matter if people were unemployed OPTION B The Nazis set up a number of schemes, programmes and organisations to get Germans back to work OPTION C Set up schemes to help the unemployed but only focused on big business 10 30 20

https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zw6s7p3/video Make notes to the questions on the handout

Hitler wanted 1. Drag Germany out of the world recession 2. Make Germany an “autarky” – self sufficient (the Nazis to control the economy and direct all manufacturing, agricultural and industrial production 3. Get rid of Jewish industrialists and give their businesses to ‘pure’ German men 4 Transform the economy to focus on rearmament and war

The Nazis set up a number of schemes, programmes and organisations to get Germans back to work …

The National Labour Service (RAD) Public Work Schemes A new network of autobahns (motorways) to link Germany’s major towns and cities was built This gave work to nearly 100,000 people New schools and hospitals were built, creating even more jobs - Railways were extended or built from scratch The National Labour Service (RAD) All men aged between 18 and 25 had to spend six months in the RAD They planted forests, mended hedges and dug drainage ditches on farms They wore uniforms and lived in camps but were given free meals and a small wage ‘Invisible’ unemployment The Nazis used a variety of other methods to reduce unemployment figures Women who gave up work to have a family did not count in the official figures Part-time workers were counted as full-time The Nazis created jobs by sacking people, such as Jews, and giving their jobs to non-Jews. These out of work Jews were not counted in jobless figures

Rearmament The Nazis ordered the rearmament of Germany to rebuild its armed forces New tanks, battleships, fighter planes and guns were built, creating thousands of jobs Huge government arms contracts made factory owners and industrial bosses a fortune Conscription was introduced in 1935. All males aged between 18 and 25 had to join the armed forces for at least two years. Within fives years, the army grew from 100,000 to 1,400,00 creating even more jobs

The economy under Hjalmar Schacht Respected banker- directed German economic policy Believed in steady growth and a stable currency He realised that imports of raw materials, such as iron, steel, rubber and wood, were needed to build more weapons He signed deals with countries in South America and south-east Europe to supply raw materials in return for German goods For a short time, things went well – weapons production increased and unemployment fell But Germany was still dependent on foreign raw materials and the changes were too slow for the impatient Hitler Schact was sacked and replaced by Hermann Goering

The economy under Goering In 1936 Goering introduced a Four Year Plan to increase military production High targets were set (and met) in industries like steel and the production of explosives However, targets were not met in other key industries like oil production Germany still needed foreign raw materials so Goering tried to make Germany self-sufficient Why would rearmament boost national pride?

Goering’s 4 Year Plan Speed up rearmament and make Germany ready for war German Military spending Make Germany self sufficient in raw materials “autarchy” by developing home grown substitutes*. 1933 1939 1.9 million marks 32.3 million marks

What were the results of this? The size of the German army grew massively Hitler became more confident and started to openly break the Treaty of Versailles.

Was the 4 year Plan a success? Unemployment dropped quickly 4.8 million in 1933 to 0.5 million in 1938 Wages rose slightly but were still lower in 1938 than they had been in 1928 Working hours went up to 49 hours per week in 1939 – 52 hours in 1943 to over 60 hours per week by 1945 There were fewer consumer goods - personal and household goods Food also cost more than it used to. Germany was trying to be self- sufficient and not rely on foreign imports. So with less food in the shops shopkeepers charged more because of high demand

Self-sufficiency The Nazis hoped to stop being reliant on foreign goods by making Germany self – sufficient. They would find alternatives to the things the country needed, or develop artificial substitutes German scientists found ways to make …. Petrol from coal Makeup from flour

6 5 4 3 Unemployment (Millions) 2 1 1932 1933 1934 1936 1937 1935 1938

Kahoot time!

Flip Learning Make a spider diagram/mind-map/notes (whichever format you prefer) summarising the key points from this lesson Include: What Hitler’s aims were What schemes/organisations/policies the Nazi’s introduced to try and get Germans back to work Key concepts such as the Four-Year Plan (what it means to be self sufficient) Anything else that is useful ready for Fridays session on benefits & drawbacks!