How did the Churches consent to the Nazi dictatorship? The Four-Year Plan C aim – to explain why the Four-Year Plan was introduced, what it was, and what impact it had B/A aim – to explain the causes, the plan, the impact and link in wider Nazi ideologies How did the Churches consent to the Nazi dictatorship? How did the Churches oppose the Nazi dictatorship? How far did the Churches work within the Nazi dictatorship? What did the Nazis try to achieve with the economy up to 1936? What was Schacht’s New Plan in 1934 and why did he introduce these measures?

Strength Through Joy Read your handout and define this policy. http://www.britishpathe.com/video/strength-through-joy

Workers German Labour Front SOPADE Red Orchestra

What successes did Schacht achieve? Unemployment dropped GNP grew Industrial production grew But what problems was he still facing?

Why was the Four Year Plan introduced? Schacht argued that the budget deficit and balance of payments deficit caused by rearmament and improving employment couldn’t be maintained indefinitely. There was also a danger the economy could heat up too much and cause inflation. Schacht suggested a reduction in arms expenditure so that more could be spent on industrial production so that trade could be balanced Hitler and Goering opposed this – they said arms expenditure should be maintained to support rearmament and employment. The budget deficit, balance of payments deficit and risk of inflation would be helped a bit but could eventually be completely solved by the spoils gained from a future war. Germany would be ready for war in four years time, although documents show they realistically thought war would come in 1942 and 1943. Some historians think this was only go to be a localised war.

What was the Four Year Plan? To help rearm and be self-sufficient ready for war (this was also important as Germany wanted a quick war of rapid gains, not a long war full of suffering like in WWI) - Regulate imports and exports to prioritise strategic rearmament sectors. Increase production of raw materials. To develop ersatz products and autarky. Increase agricultural production. 17% would be spent on this – a huge amount more than other countries. To reduce the risk of inflation - Control key sectors of the labour force to prevent wage and price inflation To reduce the balance of payments problem – develop ersatz, increase agricultural production, promote autarky.

How effective was the Four Year Plan? Production of key materials, e.g. Explosives, increased Missed targets for oil, rubber and arms Reliance on imports didn’t increase, but in 1939 when WWII began still needed 1/3 of raw materials from oversees Big industrial businesses boomed – especially electrics-chemicals, small ones did not Balance of payments problem continued and drove Germany more deeply into the red (but they assumed this could be solved by war) Labour shortages and other shortages

What impact did the Four Year Plan have? Controlled the economy much more tightly with few experts to consider the actual needs of industry Recklessness – openly said it wasn’t a case of producing economically, it was just of producing, and turned a blind eye to legal blunders if it helped the economy Production and investment growing When big industry failed to cooperate Goering nationalised them, e.g. The iron-ore deposits businesses in the Ruhr became the Reichswerke Hermann Goring. Big industry had to follow the orders of policy makers.

Schacht resigned in 1937 Write his resignation speech

What does this show you? Hitler knew that workers would only put up with this for a short period of time, they then felt that war had to come.

Considering the economy, how far was Nazi Germany consenting or opposing the Nazi dictatorship?

Considering the economy, how far was Nazi Germany ruled through terror and oppression?

Considering the economy, how far was Nazi Germany an efficient state or a chaotic plurocracy?

How far do you agree with this source? ‘that both the domestic and foreign policy of the National Socialist government became, from 1936 onward, increasing independent of the influence of the economic ruling classes, and even in some essential aspects ran contrary to their collective interests... it became possible for the National Socialist state to assume a fully independent role, for the "primacy of politics" to assert itself’. Mason

B Question

Homework – due Thursday 26th March Read pp. 276-290 of the green book and make a mind map about the Nazis economic policies Read pp. 330-333 of the green book and.... List the reasons that Nazi Germany went to war List the events that happened at the beginning of the war