Language- an abstract cognitive system which allows humans to produce and comprehend meaningful utterances Dialect- a variety of language, defined by geographical.

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Presentation transcript:

Language- an abstract cognitive system which allows humans to produce and comprehend meaningful utterances Dialect- a variety of language, defined by geographical factors and social factors Idiolect- the language variety of a single speaker

Pragmatics- Semantics- Syntax- Morphology- Phonology- Phonetics- function of language Semantics- meaning of language Syntax- structure of sentences Morphology- structure of words Phonology- structure of sounds Phonetics- formation of sounds

Arbitrariness: The meaning of a linguistic sign is not predictable from The form, nor is the form dictated by the meaning. Form: Meaning: P I Z Z A

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Onomatopoeia- Sound Symbolism- When words are imitative of natural When sounds are evocative of a particular meaning (without being directly imitative)

Linguists care more about spoken language because: Spoken language is older than written language Spoken language is more common than written language Writing must be taught, but spoken language is acquired automatically

Prescriptive- Making rules about how language should be used Descriptive- Describing how language is actually used