National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2016 Stellar Evolution, Star Formation Regions & Supernova Remnants http://www.uwstout.edu/ Sponsored by the NASA Astrophysics Division

NASA Astrophysics Division Donna L Young – Educator http://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/

http://chandra.harvard.edu/ http://chandra.harvard.edu/edu/olympiad.html

Chandra X-Ray Observatory http://chandra.harvard.edu/edu/olympiad.html http://chandra.harvard.edu/edu/olympiad.html

REACH FOR THE STARS, Division B DESCRIPTION: Students will demonstrate an understanding and knowledge of the properties and evolution of stars especially star forming regions and supernova remnants and their observation with different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum: Radio, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-Ray and Gamma Ray. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only two 8.5”x11” two-sided pages of notes containing information in any form from any source. (clipboards/red lights) THE COMPETITION: This event is divided into two parts. Notes may be used during both parts. Part I: Constellation, Star, and Deep Sky Object Identification Part II: i: Stellar evolution ii: Spectral classification of stars iii: Observation using multiple portions of the electromagnetic spectrum iv: The relationship between stellar temperature, radius, and luminosity v. Magnitude & luminosity scales, distance modulus, inverse square law

a. Part I: Constellations, Stars, and Deep Sky Objects Aquila: Altair, W49 region Leo: Regulus Aquarius: NGC 7293 Lyra: Vega Auriga: Capella Monoceros: Rosette Nebula Bootes: Arcturus Ophiuchus: Zeta Ophiuchi Canis Major: Sirius Kepler’s SNR Canis Minor: Procyon Orion: Betelgeuse, Rigel, M42 Carina: NGC 3603, NGC 3372 Perseus: Algol Cassiopeia: Cas A, NGC 281, Sagittarius: Sgr A*, M17, M8 Tycho’s SNR, W3 Main Scorpius: Antares Cygnus: Deneb, Cygnus X-1 Taurus: Aldebaran, M1 Dorado: 30 Doradus, LMC Ursa Minor: Polaris Gemini: Castor & Pollux Ursa Major: Mizar & Alcor Hydrus: NGC 602 Virgo: Spica

Part IIi: Stellar Evolution Star Formation Regions (10): W49 region, NGC 3603, NGC 3372 (Carina Nebula), NGC 281, W3 Main, 30 Doradus (Tarantula Nebula), Rosette Nebula, M42 (Orion Nebula), M17(Omega Nebula), M8 (Lagoon Nebula) Supernovas (4): Cas A, Tycho’s SNR, Kepler’s SNR, M1 (Crab Nebula) Evolutionary Stages (3): NGC 7293 (planetary nebula & white dwarf), Cygnus X-1 (black hole), NGC 602 (Open Cluster) Galactic (2): LMC (galaxy), Sgr A* (MWG galactic black hole) DO NOT FORGET THE CONSTELLATION STARS!

Stellar Evolution

Stellar Evolution

The Great Carina Nebula Star Formation Complex NGC 3603: http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2099.html NGC 3603: http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap100226.html Carina Nebula: http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap100919.html Carina Nebula: http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap090524.html

Supernova Remnants Cas A Tycho: http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2011/tycho2/

Orion: Betelgeuse (M2I), Rigel (B8I), M42 (Orion Nebula)

The Great Orion Nebula Star Formation Region Astrophotography Hubble Astrophotography Chandra X-Ray Hubble