Part 2

Plants: Leaf Structure

Stomata Stomata regulate the exchange of gasses, (CO2 and H2O) through the leaf

Exchange of Gases

Stomata on the underside of Tradescantia Guard Cells Stomata on the underside of Tradescantia

Stomata Video

Flash Back to the water cycle… Flash Back to the water cycle…. Which term refers to water exiting through the leaves of a plant?

Water Transport Active transport and root pressure cause water to move from soil into plant roots The combination of root pressure, capillary action, and transpiration provides enough force to move water through the xylem tissue of even the tallest plant.

2. Which numbered part of the plant cell shown below primarily provides support for the plant’s structure? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 1 2 3 4

3. The diagram below shows a cross section of a plant leaf. How does the structure marked X contribute to the survival of the plant? A. It allows the intake of gases necessary for photosynthesis. B. It allows the intake of minerals necessary for plant growth. C. It allows the intake of sunlight necessary for ATP production. D. It allows the intake of sugars necessary for plant reproduction.

4. Terrestrial plants have stomata on the surface of their leaves 4. Terrestrial plants have stomata on the surface of their leaves. A single stoma is surrounded by two guard cells that change shape in response to environmental factors and open or close the stoma. Which of the following best explains how the structure of the leaf is used in processes that occur in the plant? A. Water enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for transpiration. B. Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf. C. Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through the surface of the leaf. D. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the roots for cellular respiration.

1. Which structure in the leaf controls the opening and closing of the stoma? A. Cuticle B. Epidermis C. Guard Cells D. Chloroplast

What type of cell is indicated by label B? 2. The diagram below shows a microscopic view of the lateral epidermis of a maple leaf. What type of cell is indicated by label B? An epidermal cell A guard cell A stomata A nucleus B

Meristem , region of cells capable of division and growth in plants. Root Hairs & Meristem Meristem , region of cells capable of division and growth in plants.

Apical VS. Lateral Meristems

Auxin Plant hormones -are chemicals that regulate plant growth. Phototropism

3. Eliza wants to increase the yield of her herbs garden 3. Eliza wants to increase the yield of her herbs garden. A friend suggest that Eliza pinch off the tops of the plants as they grow. Which fact about apical meristem makes this a good suggestion? Enzymes in the apical meristem carry out DNA replication. Photosynthesis takes place in the chlorplast of green plants cells. Auxin produced in the apical meristem inhibit the growth of lateral buds. The apical meristem uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as its energy source.

Introduction to Flowers Play the first two minutes.

Plant Parts petal - a petal is one of the leafy structures that comprise a flower. Petals are often brightly-colored and have many different shapes. sepal - the sepals are small leaves located directly under a flower - stem (also called the peduncle) - the stem supports the plant.

Pollen + Egg (gametes)=Seed Female Male Pollen + Egg (gametes)=Seed

Female plant parts Stigma - uppermost part of the pistil. The stigma receives the male pollen grains during fertilization, when they travel through the style to the ovary. Style - the style is part of the pistil,. The style is a long tube on top of the ovary, and below the stigma. Ovary - the ovary is a female reproductive organ in plants that produces ovules. It is at the base of the pistil.

Male -plant parts Stamen, the male reproductive organs of the plant. Anther - the anther is the tip of a flower's stamen -it contains the pollen. Filament – Hold the anther.

Strange Plants: Epiphytes “An epiphyte (or air plants) is a plant that grows upon another plant non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain.” Orchid Bromeliads

Strange Plants: “Carnivorous” Plants “Carnivorous” plants live in poor soil and trap and kill animals (usually insects) as fertilizer. They are still photosynthetic autotrophs. Pitcher Plant Venus Flytrap Sundew

Strange Plants: Parasitic Plants A parasite connects its vascular system (at least one of the tissues) to that of the host plant. The parasite may totally discard its own photosynthesis and become heterotrophic. Strangler Fig Clinging Dodder

Plant Reproduction

2 1. 6. 7. 5. 8. 3 9. 4

Hibiscus Flowers

9. Botanists cross a heterozygous (Pp) plant having purple flowers with a homozygous (pp) plant having white flowers. About what percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers? A 0% B 25% C 50% D 75%

QUE ? Plant Parts In Espanol http://urbanext.illinois.edu/gpe_sp/case1/c1m1binc.html QUE ?

What structure is shown below? Guard Cells S T O M A T A

Geotropism and Phototropism How do plants grow? 1 min. Geotropism and Phototropism