Crime In America Chapter 7

Crime CRIME IS DEFINED AS A VIOLATION OF THE LAW INCARCERATION-IMPRISONMENT THE U.S. HAS THE HIGHEST INCARCERATION RATE

What are some reasons why people commit crimes? Brainstorm!!! What are some reasons why people commit crimes?

Factors for Gang Involvement THE FOLLOWING IS A LIST OF FACTORS THAT PLACE YOUNG PEOPLE IN RISK FOR JOINING 1. POVERTY 2. SCHOOL PROBLEMS 3. SUBSTANCE ABUSE 4. FAMILY PROBLEMS 5. SOCIAL PROBLEMS

How do we stop gangs? 1. OPERATE OUTREACH AND INTERVENTION PROGRAMS 2. PROVIDE GREATER OPPORTUNITES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE COMM. 3. MOBILIZE GOVT. AGENCIES

4. ORGANIZE PREVENTION STRATEGIES 5. PROSECUTE GANG MEMBERS FOR ANY AND ALL ILLEGAL ACTIVITY 6. ORGANIZE NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH GROUPS

REAL Gangsters…….

NOT REAL gangsters…..

Guns GUNS ARE FREQUENTLY USED IN CRIMES AMERICANS ARE ALLOWED TO OWN GUNS (2NDAMENDMENT) GUN CONTROL IS AN CONTROVERSIAL ISSUE IN THE U.S.

Should we be allowed to own…… Handguns?

…Rifles and shotguns…

….assault rifles…..

?????

1968 Gun Control Act 1. PROHIBITS CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS FROM OWNING GUNS (FELONS, MINORS, ILLEGAL ALIENS, ETC.) 2. SERIAL NUMBERS ON ALL GUNS 3. LICENSING FEE SCHEDULE FOR FIREARMS MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND DEALERS

4. PROHIBITS MAIL-ORDER SALES OF FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION 5. PROHIBITS INTERSTATE SALE OF HANDGUNS 6. PENALTIES FOR CARRYING FIREARMS IN CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND DRUGS 7. LAWS FOR GUNS PURCHASED THROUGH DEALERS

Brady Bill (a.k.a) Brady Handgun Violence Protection Act AN AMENDMENT TO THE GUN CONTROL ACT NAMED FOR JAMES BRADY REQUIRED A BACKGROUND CHECK ON ALL PERSONS WANTING TO PURCHASE A FIREARM IS THIS CONSTITUTIONAL?

Substance Abuse WHAT IS A SUBSTANCE? A SUBSTANCE IS ANYTHING THAT THE BODY CAN BECOME ADDICTED TO –DRUGS, ALCOHOL, ETC. ALCOHOL IS THE MOST ABUSED SUBSTANCE IN AMERICA

Drunk Driving THE MAJOR CRIME ASSOCIATED W/ ALCOHOL IS DRUNK DRIVING EITHER REFERRED TO AS DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED (DWI) OR DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE (DUI) THIS IS DETERMINED BY A PERSON’S BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (BAC)

STATES VARY ON THEIR BAC –ALL STATES HAVE TO BE .08 OR LESS INTOXICATED IS ABOVE .10 IMPAIRED IS BELOW .10 PUNISHMENT FOR DRUNK DRIVING HAS INCREASED IN RECENT YEARS PUNISHMENT VARIES FROM STATE TO STATE

MOST STATES HAVE AN IMPLIED CONSENT LAW –DRIVERS CONSENT TO A BAC TEST IN EXCHANGE FOR THE PRIVILEGE OF DRIVING IMPORTANT ADVOCACY GROUP IS MADD (MOTHERS AGAINST DRUNK DRIVING)

Pennsylvania DUI penalties Pennsylvania has a series of penalty tiers, depending on the driver’s BAC. The tiers are .08, .10 to .159%, and .16 or higher.

Impaired BAC DUI laws in Pennsylvania require drivers with a BAC in the lowest range and no prior offenses to be charged with an ungraded misdemeanor and pay a $300 fine, submit to probation for up to six months and attend alcohol safety school. Individuals who register a BAC between 0.08 and 0.099 and have one prior offense will be charged with an ungraded misdemeanor and have their license suspended for 12 months, serve jail time between five days and six months, pay a fine between $300 and $2,500, attend alcohol highway safety school and install an interlock ignition device on their vehicle for 12 months. With two or more prior offenses, a DUI at this level becomes a second-degree misdemeanor and carries the following penalties: license suspension for 12 months, up to two years in prison, a fine between $500 and 5,000, and mandatory use of an interlock ignition device for 12 months. In all cases, the court can order an alcohol treatment program.

High BAC Pennsylvania drivers who register a blood alcohol content between 0.10 and 0.145 and have no prior DUI offenses will be charged with an ungraded misdemeanor and penalized with a 12-month license suspension, a prison sentence between two days and six months, a fine between $500 and $5,000 and attendance at an alcohol highway safety school. If the driver has one prior offense, the charge of ungraded misdemeanor still applies, but along with license suspension for a year and alcohol highway safety school, the penalties increase to a prison sentence between 30 days and six months, a fine between $750 and $5,000 and installation of an ignition interlock device for 12 months. Depending on other circumstances of the case, drivers in this BAC range who have two of more prior drunken-driving convictions are charged with a first degree misdemeanor and face the steepest consequences--license suspension for up to 18 months, prison time between one and five years, a fine of up to $10,000 and an ignition interlock device for 12 months once the individual begins driving again. An alcohol treatment program may also be required.

Highest BAC Pennsylvania drives who are impaired with a blood alcohol content of 0.16 or higher and have had no previous DUI convictions will be charged with an ungraded misdemeanor, lose their license for 12 months, go to prison for three days to six months, attend alcohol highway safety school and pay a fine between $1,000 and $5,000. Drunk drivers at this level who have one prior conviction are charged with a first-degree misdemeanor and be penalized with an 18-month license suspension, a prison sentence between three months and five years, a fine between $1,500 and $5,000, alcohol highway safety school and an ignition interlock device on their vehicle for 12 months. Drivers at this highest level of BAC who have two or more DUI offenses draw the harshest penalties for this first-degree misdemeanor--18 month license suspension, one to five years in prison, a fine between $2,500 and $10,000 and an ignition interlock device for a year. A judge can order alcohol rehabilitation if the case warrants such intervention.

Some statistics…… An average drunk driver has driven drunk 80 times before first arrest. This year, 10,839 people will die in drunk-driving crashes - one every 50 minutes. One in three people will be involved in an alcohol-related crash in their lifetime. One in three 8th graders drinks alcohol. Teen alcohol use kills about 6000 people each year, more than all illegal drugs combined.

Car crashes are the leading cause of death for teens and one out of three of those is alcohol related. Kids who start drinking young are seven times more likely to be in an alcohol-related crash. High school students who use alcohol or other substances are five times more likely to drop out of school or believe good grades are not important

Drugs ILLEGAL DRUG USE HAS GROWN RAPIDLY IN RECENT YEARS CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT CATEGORIZES DRUGS INTO 5 GROUPS PENALTIES FOR EACH CATEGORY VARIES

Schedule I Controlled Substances Substances in this schedule have a high potential for abuse, have no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and there is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. Some examples of substances listed in schedule I are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), peyote, methaqualone, and 3,4-MDMA (“ecstasy”).

Schedule II Controlled Substances Substances in this schedule have a high potential for abuse which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. Examples of single entity schedule II narcotics include morphine and opium. Other schedule II narcotic substances and their common name brand products include: hydromorphone (Dilaudid®), methadone (Dolophine®), meperidine (Demerol®), oxycodone (OxyContin®), and fentanyl (Sublimaze® or Duragesic®). Examples of schedule II stimulants include: amphetamine (Dexedrine®, Adderall®), methamphetamine (Desoxyn®), and methylphenidate (Ritalin®). Other schedule II substances include: cocaine, amobarbital, glutethimide, and pentobarbital.

Schedule III Controlled Substances Substances in this schedule have a potential for abuse less than substances in schedules I or II and abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Examples of schedule III narcotics include combination products containing less than 15 milligrams of hydrocodone per dosage unit (Vicodin®) and products containing not more than 90 milligrams of codeine per dosage unit (Tylenol with codeine®). Also included are buprenorphine products (Suboxone® and Subutex®) used to treat opioid addiction. Examples of schedule III non-narcotics include benzphetamine (Didrex®), phendimetrazine, ketamine, and anabolic steroids such as oxandrolone (Oxandrin®).

Schedule IV Controlled Substances Substances in this schedule have a low potential for abuse relative to substances in schedule III. An example of a schedule IV narcotic is propoxyphene (Darvon® and Darvocet-N 100®). Other schedule IV substances include: alprazolam (Xanax®), clonazepam (Klonopin®), clorazepate (Tranxene®), diazepam (Valium®), lorazepam (Ativan®), midazolam (Versed®), temazepam (Restoril®), and triazolam (Halcion®).

Schedule V Controlled Substances Substances in this schedule have a low potential for abuse relative to substances listed in schedule IV and consist primarily of preparations containing limited quantities of certain narcotics. These are generally used for antitussive, antidiarrheal, and analgesic purposes. Examples include cough preparations containing not more than 200 milligrams of codeine per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams (Robitussin AC® and Phenergan with Codeine®).

Victims CRIMES AFFECTS ALL ASPECTS OF OUR SOCIETY TEENS ARE MORE AFFECTED THAN ANY OTHER GROUP TRADITIONALLY, MALES ARE VICTIMS OF CRIME RESTITUTION-THE PERSON WHO COMMITS THE CRIME MUST REPAY THE VICTIM