LITERACY PRESENTATION Presented by Christine Cidoni SAC Meeting--October 10, 2018

LITERACY Literacy encompasses both reading and writing. Reading is a visual language skill that encompasses both receptive and expressive parts. Receptive = understands sounds, words, sentences (accurate and fluent identification of printed word =decoding) Expressive = speaking, writing, spelling (process of using letter/sound knowledge to write = Encoding)

LITERACY You can decode what you cannot comprehend….BUT You cannot comprehend what you cannot decode.

Successful readers use……….METACOGNITION READING Reading is a complex, cognitive process that involves decoding symbols to derive meaning from text. Successful readers use……….METACOGNITION Main strategies to use when reading: Does it look right, does it sound right, does it make sense

READ, READ, READ 20 minute rule Starting in kindergarten, if a student reads 20 minutes a day at home, they will hear 1.8 million words per year.  They will have read for 851 hours by 6th grade and on standardized tests, they will likely score better than 90% of their peers. Children benefit when teachers and parents reinforce the same concepts and ideas. For this to happen, parents must have some knowledge of what happens in the classroom and what happens at home that supports reading acquisition.  Justtake20 campaign. FLDOE Neuroscientist Sally Shaywitz presents noteworthy statistics about the benefits of reading a minimum of 20 minutes/

Comprehension (literature and informational) Components of Reading Phonemic Awareness Phonics Fluency Vocabulary Comprehension (literature and informational) Books offer almost three times as many interesting or complicated words outside the general vocabulary of a sixth grader, compared to even the most educated speakers. Simply relying on conversation to increase vocabulary falls short of what can be gained through reading.

DECODING strategies

Phonemic awareness is the foundation of reading and spelling. Phonemic Awareness Phonemic awareness refers to the ability to focus on and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words.  Phonemic awareness is the foundation of reading and spelling. “Phonemic awareness is both a prerequisite for and a consequence of learning to read.” It’s all auditory...examples of strategies to help improve P.A.: Rhyming, songs, poems, alliteration Blending and segmenting sounds Manipulating sounds Onset and rime Syllables Make up silly sentences with words that begin with the same initial sound. For example, you could say “Nobody was nice to Nancy’s neighbor.” • Play simple rhyming or blending games with your child, such as taking turns coming up with words that rhyme (go – no) or blending simple words (/d/, /o/, /g/ - dog).

Phonics The relationship between letters and sounds Phonics The relationship between letters and sounds. It is the link between what we say and what we can read and write. Primary Sound bingo Concentration (finding words with same vowel sound) Practice with CVC words Practice nonsense words Read decodable books Use magnetic letters to build words Sort words by long/short vowels Secondary Help children decode larger words by breaking them into smaller chunks Play spelling and word games like Scrabble and Hang Man.  Compound words Prefixes/suffixes Greek/Latin roots Separate multi-syllabic words

Fluency Fluency in reading is the ability to read continuous text with appropriate momentum, phrasing, attention to conventions, and stress. Primary Sight words Re-reading text (4 times) Model fluent reading Echo reading Fluency phrases  Predictable books/rhythmic pattern Secondary Model and provide feedback on proper tone, pausing, and emphasize on conventions Practice with magazines, comics, etc. Find books with varying genres

Vocabulary Vocabulary is the knowledge of words used in language and their meaning. As children begin to read more difficult texts, they must learn vocabulary outside of their oral language. Primary Rich Conversations READ DAILY Select a new word each week to learn and use in every-day language. Create a point system with family members on who uses the word the most in a given week. Concentration games with words/meanings Interact with word…draw meaning, act it out, categorize it Secondary Exposure to a variety of genres Multiple meaning words Synonyms/Antonyms/Homophones Context clues Word wizard Charades with vocabulary words: “pensive” Give children ample time to learn the meaning and uses of new words before moving onto other words. Typically, a child needs to hear a new word 4 to 12 times before it is added to their vocabulary.

Comprehension The ability to process and draw meaning from text(s) on many levels. Students must understand and make meaning of information read in various texts to expand their knowledge of the real world. FICTION Story elements Theme Point of view Evidence Genre (historical fiction, realistic fiction, poems) Author’s craft (Figurative language, sarcasm, humor, foreshadowing) NON-FICTION Text features (glossary, footnotes, index, captions, charts, diagrams) Evidence Point of view Genres (biography, autobiography, recipe, magazines, journals) Text structure (compare/contrast, sequence, time order) We went away from just answering questions to interacting with text To be able to understand written material: 1) decode what was read 2)Make connections 3) Combine reading with thinking and reasoning Talk about the book together!!! Children benefit from structured conversations with an adult in response to texts. Needs to be more of an interaction with the text…a conversation type that increases their thinking more deeply, understanding author’s craft, analyzing text, and to be able to discuss and make judgements and connections Text features are to non-fiction what story elements are to fiction. 

BEFORE, DURING, AFTER

Students need to have strong literacy skills to be able to write. Writing Students need to have strong literacy skills to be able to write. When students write about texts they read, their comprehension of science, social studies, and language arts texts is improved, specifically when they: 􀁕  Respond to a Text in Writing (Writing Personal Reactions, Analyzing and Interpreting the Text) 􀁕  Write Summaries of a Text 􀁕  Write Notes About a Text 􀁕  Answer Questions About a Text in Writing, or Create and Answer Written Questions About a Text . Should complement and support each other in a reciprocal fashion ***Purpose, focus, organization ***Evidence and elaboration ***Conventions Grammar, voice, dialogue, spelling, figurative language, author’s craft

“It only takes one really successful, thrilling, joyful, wonderful, losing oneself in the magic reading experience to captivate a child’s imagination.” - Emma Walton Hamilton

Online Resources for Parents Parent toolkit https://www.parenttoolkit.com/ Helping Your Child Become a Reader - U.S. Department of Education https://www2.ed.gov/parents/academic/help/reader/index.html Reading Tips for Parents - Florida Department of Education http://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/7539/urlt/Parent-Tips.pdf Reading at Home: 10 Simple Strategies for Parents http://www.k12reader.com/reading-at-home-simple-strategies-for-creating-strong-readers/ Reading Tips for Parents https://www2.ed.gov/parents/read/resources/readingtips/readingtips.pdf Reading Tips for Parents (in 11 Languages) http://www.readingrockets.org/article/reading-tips-parents-11-languages Scholastic’s Reading Tips for Parents http://www.scholastic.com/parents/resources/article/more-reading-resources/reading-tips-parents

Reading Online Resources for Parents (Continued) Reading Tips for Parents - Florida Department of Education http://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/7539/urlt/Parent-Tips.pdf Strategies Packet for Parents and Students for Improving Reading, Writing and Mathematics https://reports05.nwea.org/nwea/help/DRS_Inst_Strat.pdf Reading Tips for Parents of Middle School Students http://www.nhcs.net/trask/Documents/Reading%20Tips%20for%20Parents.pdf Tips for Helping Children with Reading Comprehension Difficulties https://www.superduperinc.com/handouts/pdf/136_Reading_Comprehension_Difficulties.pdf Reading Comprehension Tips for Parents https://www.bloom-carroll.k12.oh.us/pdf/reading-comprehension-tips-for-parents.pdf A Parent’s Little Guide to Helping Children Read http://www.springboard.org.uk/data/files/Parents/parents-little-guide.pdf