Rehabilitation of Deng Xiaoping

Mao’s Death Hua takes control and after awhile Deng Xiaoping is rehabilitated and out maneuvers Hua and ousts him from leadership position, yet lets him retire in peace setting a mandate that no physical harm need come to officials kicked out of office

Reforms Abolished “Class Background system” so that capitalists may join the CCP No more “Cult of Personality” the Party would make Policy and the State would execute it Relationships with Western States improves (still bad with USSR) 1st Chinese leader to visit USA in 1979, meets Carter after USA severs relationship with Taiwan and establishes them with the PRC

Deng Xiaoping & Jimmy Carter

More reforms Reduced the role of ideology in economics and policies “Socialism does not mean shared poverty” Reforms were bottom-up, they were created on a small scale by other and implemented nationally if they worked. This is in contrast to Gorbachev’s policies that were Top-Down, created by him and implemented nation-wide (possibly a reason why Deng’s were successful and Gorbachev’s not so much)

Economics Deng focused more on light industry and exporting for growth These revenues were able to be reinvested in more technologically advanced production and capital investments that were not government mandated Deng attracted foreign companies by creating “Special Economic Zones” where they would invest and have a liberalized market

Economics There are similarities with Deng’s “market socialism” and Lenin’s “New Economic Policy” Both saw the role of private business and markets based on trade, not central planning

Tiananmen Square

Tiananmen (The June Fourth Incident) Gorbachev’s policies of Perestroika (economic restructuring) and Glasnost (political freedoms) were heavily influencing reformers in Eastern Europe…and China Protests were sparked by the death of Hu Yaobang, (April 1989) a reformist ousted by enemies. People upset at the CCP slow response and funeral acknoweldgement Mourning became a conduit for anger as 100,000 people demonstrated in Tiananmen Square

Tiananmen Demonstrators were not unified by a single cause or leader but generally called for economic and democratic reforms Martial Law was declared on 20 May by hardliner Li Ping Army comes in on 4 June to control the city. Many felt Deng ordered it, but no one knows for sure who gave the order

Tiananmen To purge itself of Tiananmen sympathizers the CCP initiated an 18 month program (similar to anti-rightist campaigns) to root out those with ideas of “bourgeoisie liberalization” Deng accuses the US of being involved due to foreign reporters that gave some money and helped others escape to Western countries through Hong Kong and Taiwan