Human Body systems Chapter 7

Label the systems Nervous System Respiratory System Muscular System Skeletal System Circulatory System Digestive System

Digestive System Job Organs To break down the food we eat, absorb the nutrients and excrete the waste Organs Mouth, Tongue, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus

Path of Digestion 1. Food enters in the mouth and is broken down 2. The tongue pushes food back 3. Food goes into the throat or pharynx 4. Food goes down a long, hollow tube called the esophagus 5. Stomach = food broken down 8. The liver makes bile which helps break down food and the gallbladder stores it 6. The pancreas makes a chemical to protect the s. intestine 9. Any remaining nutrients and water is absorbed by the large intestine 7. Chyme enters the s.intestine and continues to be broken down; nutrients are absorbed 11. Waste then leaves through the anus 10. Waste such as fiber is stored in the rectum

Nutrients and Types Nutrients are parts of food used by the body to grow and survive 5 Types of nutrients are: Proteins Fats Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals

Excretory System Job Organs Removes solid, liquid and gas waste materials from the body Organs Lungs, Liver, Kidneys, Bladder, Rectum

Organs Lungs Liver Skin Kidneys Rectum Remove carbon dioxide and excess water vapor when you breathe out Liver Removes waste from the blood. (creates urea) part of the digestive system Skin Removes salt and water when you sweat Kidneys Remove urea from the blood and make urine Rectum Stores feces until its ready to be expelled.

Respiratory System Job Organs Takes in oxygen and gets rid of Carbon Dioxide Organs Lungs, pharynx, larynx, bronchial tubes, bronchi, alveoli

Label the diagram 7. Pharynx (throat) Nose Mouth 8. Trachea Larynx Carbon Dioxide out Oxygen in 7. Pharynx (throat) 8. Trachea Left Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Nose Mouth Larynx (vocal cords) 4. Lung 5. Right Bronchi 6. Diaphragm

Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood Circulatory system Job Transports nutrients, gases ,waste and other substances throughout the body. Major Organs Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood

Circulatory system Fun Fact Blood travels between the heart and other organs 1,000 times a day 3 types of blood vessels: Arteries – Carry blood away from the heart Veins – Carry blood towards the heart Capillaries – tiny vessels that exchange gases and other substances between the vessels and cells

Label the heart Left Atrium Right Atrium Left Ventricle Right Ventricle

Blood Types A B AB O 42 10 4 44 A or O B or O All of them O only % of population 42  10 4 44 Can be received A or O  B or O All of them O only Can donate A or AB B or AB AB Only 4 Parts of Blood Plasma Platelets Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells

Lymphatic System Job Removes excess fluid from around organs Job Produces white blood cell Job Transports fats

Lymphatic system Major Organs Fun Fact Spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes, thymus, lymph vessels Fun Fact You are 65% water You have 500 lymph nodes 3 lines of Defense 1st line = skin and mucus 2nd line = White Blood Cells (Lymphocytes) attack and destroy harmful substances 3rd line = protection against future substances in the form of antibodies.

Infectious vs. noninfectious caused by pathogens such as a bacteria or virus Usually contagious Examples are the flu, colds, strep throat, chicken pox Noninfectious caused by the environment or a genetic disorder Not contagious Examples are cancer, diabetes, heart disease, allergies

Fun Fact An adult has 206 bones Skeletal System Fun Fact An adult has 206 bones Major organs Bones, tendons, ligaments

Skeletal System Job Job Protects vital organs Provides support Job The bone marrow inside your bones makes red blood cells Some bones store fat and minerals

Types of bone Compact bone Spongy bone Hard outer layer of bone Spongy bone Interior region of bone that contains may holes.

Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Job Major Organs Help you move Cardiac Heart muscle Skeletal Works with your bones so you can move Smooth Muscles that move material through your body

Muscular and Skeletal System How does your muscular system work with your skeletal system? Your muscles attach to your bones by tendons. When the muscle contracts it pulls the bone which causes movement.

Nervous System Job Detects, processes and responds to information. Major Organs Brain, Spinal Cord and Nerves

Nervous System What is a neuron? The basic unit of the nervous system 5 Senses Jobs Visual Receives light signals Auditory Detects sound Olfactory Receives odor signals Touch Sensory receptors- outside world Taste buds Receives chemical signals What is a neuron? The basic unit of the nervous system

Central vs Peripheral Nervous System Includes the brain and spinal cord Processes the information and send messages to the peripheral to respond Peripheral Includes the nerves Sends information from the body to the brain for processing.

Voluntary Vs. Involuntary You control Examples: reading, writing, walking, talking Involuntary Automatic Responses Examples: breathing, digestion

Endocrine System Major Organs Job Hypothalamus, Thyroid, Thymus, Pituitary gland, adrenal gland, pancreas Job To send chemical signals throughout the body Hormone Travel time: Head to toes in 20 s Nervous System Travel Time : Head to toes in 1 s

Explain how it maintains homeostasis Hormones Name a hormone Explain how it maintains homeostasis Parathyroid Hormone Works with skeletal system to control calcium Insulin Works with digestive system (pancreas) to release signals for nutrients What is a hormone Chemical signals released by glands