Life in Ancient China Role of Men & Women Men respected because they grew crops. Men went to school, ran the government, and were warriors.
Life in Ancient China Role of Men & Women Most women raised children and managed the household. Chinese women could not hold government jobs. Women in the royal court could influence government decisions.
Life in Ancient China Role of Men & Women Royal women often convinced their ruling husbands to see things their way.
Checking How did farmers increase in ancient China the amount of productive farmland? How did ancient Chinese farmers protect their crops?
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Three Chinese philosophies grew out of the need for order. Confucianism Daoism Legalism Confucius
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Why the need for order Violence became common after Zhou dynasty was weakened During Period of the Warring States rulers sent out armies to destroy enemy states Whole villages of all beheaded
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Because of the chaos Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism was developed to create peaceful societies between 500 BC and 200 BC.
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Confucius Was China’s first great thinker Believed that people needed to have a sense of duty. Duty meant putting the needs of family and community before ones own
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Confucius Confucius believed in “do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” Also believed “measure the feelings of others by ones own.”
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Confucius Traveled through China trying to persuade government officials to follow his ideas.
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Confucius Confucianism-Taught that all men with a talent for governing should take part in government. This idea was not looked well upon by aristocrats
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Confucius Confucius did not write down his sayings His followers put together a book called Lun Yu (analects)
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Laozi Was known as the old master who taught Daoism Daoism- promoted a peaceful society
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Daoism Daoists believe that people should give up worldly desires. People should turn to nature and the Dao Dao- Force that guides all things
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Laozi-Daoism Daoism (Also known as Taoism) calls on people to give up their concerns about the world and seek inner peace and harmony with nature.
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Hanfeizi- legalism Hanfeizi- developed the teachings of legalism Legalism- a system of laws where the law is applied
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Hanfeizi- legalism Hanfeizi thought humans were inherently evil Believed humans needed harsh punishments and laws to force them to do their duty
Life in Ancient China Chinese Thinkers Hanfeizi- legalism Aristocrats liked legalism because it favored force and power. Its ideas led to cruel laws and punishments.
Chinese Philosophers Confucianism Confucius Should people put the needs of the family and community first? His ideas to duty, family and community are still in practice today in China. Which of these men’s Daoism Laozi Should people give up worldly desires in favor of nature and the Dao? Taoism and its teaching to the importance of nature is in practice today in China. Ideas would be most Legalism Hanfeizi Does society need a system of harsh punishment and laws? Legalists are an important part of Chinese society and have created many laws. Popular today?
Review What were the main social classes of China? Describe Filial piety. Who were the founders of Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism? Distinguish between Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism.