CLASSIFICATION & 6 KINGDOM REVIEW NOTES
Why do scientists classify organisms? To organize the diversity of life 2. To help us know what we are talking about Ex. Brown animal – beaver or bison?
Classification Systems In order to work well, a classification system must be established and logical Furthermore, classification rules must have real biological meaning, so that you can identify an organism in the field Don’t use (too broad): tall, colors, big, small Do use (specific): greater than 2 meters in height, large eyes compared to head size, tail longer than body
Classification Systems Cont. We use the classification system developed by Carolus Linneaus. His classification system consists of 7 levels; they are: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species
Classification System Hint Levels Example Broadest Daring Domain Eukarya King Kingdom Animalia Phillip Phylum Chordata Came Class Mammalia Over Order Carnivora For Family Canidae Green Genus Canus Spagetti species familiaris Most specific
In this classification system, each organism has a two-part scientific name; this system of naming organisms is called binomial nomenclature In particular, organisms must have a universally accepted name.
We use Latin to name organisms, why? 1. It is a dead, unchanging language 2. There is no competition among countries
Every scientific name has 3 parts: 1. The entire name is italicized or underlined. You NEED to UNDERLINE! 2. The name is made up of the Genus and species names of the organism 3. The first word is capitalized and the second is lowercase. Examples: Homo sapiens, Canus familiaris, Equus caballus
THE 6 KINGDOMS
Archaebacteria Domain: Archaea Cell type: Prokaryotic Structures: Ribosomes, cell wall Unicellular Ex: Methanogens & Halophiles
Eubacteria Domain: Bacteria Cell type: Prokaryotic Structures: Ribosomes, cell wall Unicellular Nutrition: Autotrophic or heterotrophic Ex: Common bacteria (staph, strep)
Protista Domain: Eukarya Cell type: Eukaryotic Unicellular Nutrition: Autotroph or Heterotroph Ex: Ameba, Euglena, Paramecium
Fungi Eukaryotic Nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall of chitin Heterotroph Mold, Yeast, Ringworm, Mushrooms
Plantae Eukaryotic Multicellular Autotrophic Mosses, Ferns, Grass, Trees, Flowering plants
Animalia Eukaryotic Nucleus, mitochondria, lysosome Multicellular Heterotrophic Snakes, Worms, Dogs, Sponges, Insects, Humans