Earth’s Interior Rock Cycle Plate Tectonics Geo. Time Challenge 100

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Presentation transcript:

Earth’s Interior Rock Cycle Plate Tectonics Geo. Time Challenge 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 400 300 300 300 300 600 400 400 400 400 800 500 500 500 500 1000

The layer of the earth that we live on is called the ______-

crust

The layer of the earth below the crust is called the ________

Mantle

The earth has a magnetic field due to an outer core that is made mostly of liquid __________.

iron

Due to immense pressure, the earth’s inner core is in what phase?

solid

The asthenosphere is actually part of which other, larger, layer of the earth’s interior?

mantle

Which rock type is made out of material that has been eroded or weathered away from other rocks?

Sedimentary

Which rock type forms from magma?

igneous

Which rock type forms when a rock is put under pressure and heat?

Metamorphic

The lava flows in Hawaii are an example of which type of rock forming in a modern environment?

igneous

Limestone is formed when microscopic sea critters with calcium-based shells fall to the sea floor after dying. They pile up and eventually turn into rock. Which rock type would this be?

Sedimentary

The mid-Atlantic rift is an example of which type of plate boundary?

Divergent (oceanic-oceanic)

The Himalaya Mountains are formed by which type of plate boundary?

Convergent (continental-continental)

Which of these is a reasonable rate for tectonic plate movement? 2 cm/day 2 cm/year 1 m/day 1 m/year

b) 2 cm/year

The Andes mountains are an example of an oceanic plate being pulled under a continental plate. Another name for this is _________.

Subduction

Hawaii and its related chain of Pacific Islands were created as a tectonic plate moved over a mantle __________.

hotspot

In this diagram, which type of rock is the oldest?

Granite

Name one of the three geologic time periods when the dinosaurs lived on earth.

Triassic, jurassic, or cretaceous

The fossil worm burrows that we found in the sandstone during the field trip are which type of fossil?

Trace fossils

Using radioactive elements rates of decay to determine the age of a rock or fossil is ____________ dating.

absolute

When the original rocks are tilted, eroded, then covered by new rocks it is called an angular ____________.

unconformity

The study of fossils is called _________________.

paleontology

What feature on the earth’s surface is formed when two oceanic plates converge?

An ocean trench

The shapes of which two continents' coastlines led to early suggestions they had been joined at one time?

South America and Africa

The divisions of the geologic timetable are based upon ______________?

Extinctions (fossil evidence)

A theory first proposed in 1912 by German scientist _________ __________ – was called “continental drift”

Alfred Wegener