1897 1840
General “Victorian” Background #1 - “Empire” development Increased industrialism, plus trade & manufacturing, equals increased wealth
General “Victorian” Background #2 - Increase in rights for the middle and lower-middle classes
General “Victorian” Background #3 - Improved working conditions for the labor class
General “Victorian” Background #4 - Questioning of long held beliefs/perceptions Spurred by the development of various sciences and scientific discoveries Biology Geology Astronomy
General “Victorian” Background #5 - Drastic increase in inventions and developments which impacted many aspects of life
Victorian Literature Novels Lengthy Often published in serials Frequently featuring a protagonist in “social relationships of the middle-class society”
Victorian Literature Poetry Innovation in writing styles i.e. Dramatic Monologue Commonly employed themes of “social protest and reform” Often features substantial visual imagery distinctive sound ( i.e. rhythm, rhyme, etc) “poetry of mood and character”
Victorian Literature Prose i.e. history, biography, theology, criticism, essays On “a wide range of controversial topics…writers [sought] to convince their readers to share their convictions and values”
Victorian Literature Drama/Theater Very popular throughout the age Frequently featured musicals, like those of W.S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan Did not achieve critical acclaim, for the most part, until late in the age, with writers including George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde
Elizabeth Barrett Browning
“Cry of Children” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYlK6PqEG6g
Sonnets from the Portuguese
“Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point”
http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/barrett/aurora/aurora.html http://www.florin.ms/Aurora2.mp3
Robert Browning’s Poetry http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYot5-WuAjE (robert browning reading his work) http://www.poetryfoundation.org/journal/audioitem.html?id=138 (last duchess) http://www.archive.org/details/BrowningLoveAmongtheRuins