Consumer Choice and Utility Maximization

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Consumer Choice and Utility Maximization

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Presentation transcript:

Consumer Choice and Utility Maximization

The Law of Diminishing “ADDITIONAL” “SATISFACTION”

Calculate Marginal Utility # of Slices of Pizza Total Utility (in utils) Marginal Utility/Benefit 1 8 2 14 3 19 4 23 5 25 6 26 7 24 How many pizza slices would you buy if the price per slice was $2?

Calculate Marginal Utility # of Slices of Pizza Total Utility (in dollars) Marginal Utility/Benefit 1 8 2 14 6 3 19 5 4 23 25 26 7 24 -2 Marginal Cost $2 How many pizzas would you buy if the price per slice was $2?

Calculate Marginal Utility # of Slices of Pizza Total Utility (in dollars) Marginal Utility/Benefit 1 8 2 14 6 3 19 5 4 23 25 26 7 24 -2 Marginal Cost 2 You will continue to consume until Marginal Benefit = Marginal Cost How many pizzas would you buy if the price per slice was $2?

Marginal Utility Per Dollar CONSUMER BEHAVIOR You plan to take a vacation and want to maximize your utility. Based on the info below, which should you choose? Destination Marginal Utility (In Utils) Price Tahiti 3000 $3,000 Chicago 1000 $500 Marginal Utility Per Dollar 1 Util 2 Utils

Marginal Utility Per Dollar CONSUMER BEHAVIOR You plan to take a vacation and want to maximize your utility. Based on the info below, which should you choose? Destination Marginal Utility (In Utils) Price Tahiti 3000 $3,000 Chicago 1000 $500 Marginal Utility Per Dollar 1 Util 2 Utils Calculating Marginal Utility Per Dollar allows you to compare products with different prices.

Utility Maximization $10 $5 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Movies) MU/P (Price =$10) Marginal Utility (Go Carts) (Price =$5) 1st 30 10 2nd 20 5 3rd 2 4th 1 If you only have $25, what combination of movies and go carts maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximization $10 $5 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Movies) MU/P (Price =$10) Marginal Utility (Go Carts) (Price =$5) 1st 30 3 10 $2 2nd 20 5 $1 3rd 2 $.40 4th $.50 1 $.20 If you only have $25, what combination of movies and go carts maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximization $10 $5 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Movies) MU/P (Price =$10) Marginal Utility (Go Carts) (Price =$5) 1st 30 3 10 2 2nd 20 $2 5 $1 3rd $.40 4th $.50 1 $.20 If you only have $25, what combination of movies and go carts maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximization $10 $5 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Movies) MU/P (Price =$10) Marginal Utility (Go Carts) (Price =$5) 1st 30 3 10 2 2nd 20 5 1 3rd .40 4th .50 .20 If you only have $25, what combination of movies and go carts maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximization $30 $10 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Golf) MU/P (Price =$30) Marginal Utility (Bowling) (Price =$10) 1st 120 40 2nd 90 25 3rd 75 20 4th 45 5 If you have $75, what combination of golf and bowling maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximization $30 $10 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Golf) MU/P (Price =$30) Marginal Utility (Bowling) (Price =$10) 1st 120 4 40 2nd 90 3 25 2.5 3rd 75 20 2 4th 45 1.5 5 .5 If you have $75, what combination of golf and bowling maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximization $30 $10 # Times Going Marginal Utility (Golf) MU/P (Price =$30) Marginal Utility (Bowling) (Price =$10) 1st 120 4 40 2nd 90 3 25 2.5 3rd 75 20 2 4th 45 1.5 5 .5 If you have $150, what combination of golf and bowling maximizes your utility?

Utility Maximizing Rule The consumer’s money should be spent so that the marginal utility per dollar of each goods equal each other. MUx = MUy Px Py 3 apples and 2 oranges Assume apples cost $1 each and oranges cost $2 each. If the consumer has $7, identify the combination that maximizes utility.