Unit 3 Chapter 10 Cell Cycle Section 10.1
A) Chromosome Structure 1. Chromosomes: rod-shaped structure that holds DNA and proteins histones: protein that DNA wraps around 2. Sister Chromatids: halfs of a chromosomes that contain identical info. 3. Centromere: connecting point of sister chromatids 4. Chromatin: loosely coiled DNA and histones in eukaryotes
Chromosome Structure
B) Chromosome Numbers Sex Chromosomes: mainly determine sex of organism, but do carry other information - Female: XX - Male: XY
3. Homologous pairs: two copies of each autosome B) Chromosome Numbers 2. Autosomes: Any other chromosome 3. Homologous pairs: two copies of each autosome
B) Chromosome Numbers 4. Karyotypes: chart of a complete set of chromosomes for an organism -Humans have 46 chromosomes 23 chromosomes from each parent
B) Chromosome Numbers 5. Diploid: any set of chromosome pairs 6. Haploid: 1 chromosome, generally sex cells (sperm, eggs)