Ge 11a/101. Introduction to Geology and Geochemistry

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Ge 11a/101. Introduction to Geology and Geochemistry Lecture 2 Crystal Structure of Minerals

Image 2.1

Image 2.2 Cleavage planes and number of cleavage directions Silicate structure Specimen Mineral Chemical formula 1 plane Isolated tetrahedra Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 2 planes at 90° Single chains Pyroxene (Mg,Fe)SiO3 2 planes at 60° and 120° Double chains Amphibole Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 Sheets 1 plane Muscovite: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Micas Biotite: K(Mg, Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 Three-dimensional framework 2 planes at 90° Orthoclase feldspar: KAlSi3O8 Feldspars Plagioclase feldspar: (Ca, Na) AlSi3O8 Image 2.2