LAN Hardware Concepts Module 3 H3065S F.00 [Course Title]

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Presentation transcript:

LAN Hardware Concepts Module 3 H3065S F.00 [Course Title] [Module Title] LAN Hardware Concepts Module 3 H3065S F.00 [Rev. # or date]

LAN Hardware Components A LAN is comprised of a variety of hardware components: Internet Transmission Media Interface Cards Repeaters Hubs Bridges Switches Routers Gateways Firewalls Firewall Gateway Router Router Bridge (chicago office) Switch (london office) Mainframe Hub (sales) Hub (research) H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

LAN Transmission Media Central Copper Conduit Plastic Insulating Jacket Twisted Pair Plastic insulating jacket Non-conducting insulator Coaxial Cable Woven Metal Shield Central Copper Conduit LED or Laser Transmitter Photodiode Receiver Fiber Optic Glass or Plastic Fiber Cable H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. LAN Topologies Bus Ring A LAN’s Physical Topology: Describes how a network is physically cabled. Star Hub A LAN’s Logical Topology: Describes the logical pathway a signal follows as it passes among the network nodes. H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. LAN Access Methods CSMA/CD Method Token Passing Method Token+Data H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

Ethernet 802.3 Interface Cards 10Base2 10BaseF 10BaseT 100BaseTX 100BaseFX 1000BaseT 1000BaseSX Data Rate 10Mbps 10Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 100Mbps 1000Mbps 1000Mbps Log. Topology Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Phys. Topology Bus Star Star Star Star Star Star Access CSMA/CD CSMA/CD CSMA/CD CSMA/CD CSMA/CD CSMA/CD CSMA/CD Cable Type Coax Fiber Cat 3/5 Cat 5 Fiber Cat 5 Fiber Max. Segment 185m 1000m+ 100m 100m 412m+ 100m 220m+ T T Hub/Switch H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

Token Ring 802.5 Interface Cards Data Rate 4 or 16 Mbps Topology (Logical) Ring MultiStation Access Unit Topology (Physical) Star Access Method Token Cable Types Cat 3/5 Max. Segment 100m H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

FDDI Ring Interface Cards Data Rate 100 Mbps Single Attachment Stations Topology (Logical) Ring Topology (Physical) Dual Ring Star Access Method Token Cable Type Fiber Concentrator Max. Segment 2000m Dual Attachment Station Dual Attachment Station H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Repeaters Repeater Repeaters extend the maximum allowed distance between nodes. telnet Repeaters Repeaters repeat a signal from one port to another. Repeaters pass all traffic through without error checking or filtering.. Repeaters pass collisions, too. Repeaters are used primarily to overcome maximum segment length restrictions. H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Hubs Hub Hubs make it very easy to add and remove hosts on a network. telnet Hubs… Hubs propagate a signal received on one port to all other ports.. Hubs propagate errors and collisions across ports, too. Hubs simplify the addition and removal of nodes on a LAN. Hubs are also used to connect network segments cabled with different media types. H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

Bridges Bridge Hub Hub Bridges make it possible to segment your network into separate collision domains to minimize collisions and improve performance. telnet telnet Separate Collision Domains Bridges Bridges provide all the functionality of a hub, PLUS ... Bridges filter frames by destination MAC, and segment a LAN into multiple collision domains. Bridges filter signal and timing errors. Bridges can be used to connect segments operating at different speeds. H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Switches Switch Switches are similar to bridges, but offer multiple parallel communication channels across ports for improved performance. telnet telnet Switches Switches provide all the functionality of a bridge PLUS ... Switches typically offer more ports than bridges. Switches allow for multiple, parallel channels of communication between ports. Switches sometimes offer “full-duplex” functionality. Switches are replacing both bridges and hubs in many modern networks. H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Routers and Gateways Router Router Router Gateway Router Mainframe Routers and Gateways Routers use IP addresses to route data between networks. Routers can be used to connect different network types. Routers don’t forward broadcast packets; broadcast packets are dropped. Gateways are used to connect dissimilar networks over all 7 OSI layers H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Firewalls Internet Firewall Firewalls make it possible to control access to and from your local area network. Firewalls Firewalls determine what traffic is allowed in and out of your network. Firewalls may filter packets by IP or port number. Firewalls may log what packets are sent to and from whom. Firewalls use these and many other features to improve network security. H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

Pulling It All Together [Course Title] [Module Title] Pulling It All Together Internet Firewall Gateway Router Router Bridge (chicago office) Switch (london office) Mainframe Hub (sales) Hub (research) H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. [Rev. # or date]

© 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. [Course Title] [Module Title] H3065S F.00 © 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. [Rev. # or date]