Did You Know? We are made up of microscopic living things called: CELLS There are Approximately 100 TRILLION cells in the Human Body. 100 Trillion

The Organelles CELLS are made up of different parts called ORGANELLES. Each one has a specific FUNCTION/job! The Organelles: Nucleus Mitochondria Cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Bodies (Apparatus) Vacuoles Lysosomes Cell Membrane Cell Wall Chloroplast

Organelle- Cell Membrane Function- To protect the cell and allow things IN and OUT. Analogy- The cell membrane is like a fence because a cell membrane lets things in and out of a cell just like a fence lets things in and out of a yard. Found- Animal & Plant Cells

https://youtu.be/6fhbbFd4icY https://youtu.be/LKN5sq5dtW4

Cytoplasm Organelle- Cytoplasm Function- Gel-like fluid found all throughout the cell; All other organelles are suspended (floating) in it. Analogy- The Cytoplasm is like Jell-O, constantly moving & swishing around holding fruit (or organelles) in place Found- Plant & Animal Cells

Write this under “Cytoplasm” on your notes! Cytoplasm Means… Cyto = Cells Plasm= Shape Cyto + Plasm = Cell Shape Write this under “Cytoplasm” on your notes!

FYI: Cytoplasm Cytoplasm is basically the thick gel like substance that fills the cell sometimes called cytosol. It helps move materials around the cell. It contains enzymes, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids that are used to keep the cell working.

The Nucleus Function- DNA (our genes) is in the nucleus. It directs the cell’s activities. The nucleolus is housed here. (The Nucleus tells all the other parts what to do! ) Analogy- The nucleus is like a Brain Found- Animal & Plant Cells

Mitochondria Organelle- Mitochondria Function- Performs cellular respiration which breaks down sugar and produces energy. (In the form of ATP) Analogy- “Power plant” of the Cell Found- Animal & Plant Cells

What are Mitochondria? (2 min. clip) https://youtu.be/7o0NkKez1AY

FYI: Mitochondria They are very small and cells may contain several thousand of them. It all depends on the cells needs. If the cell feels it is not getting enough energy, than more can be created. Food such as glucose (sugar) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water which releases energy. (Cellular Respiration!) We breathe in oxygen to help this process.

Where are the Mitochondria??

What does it look like on the inside?

Ribosomes Organelle- Ribosome Function- Makes protein out of amino acids. All cells need protein to function! Analogy- Ribosomes are like a Protein Factory Found- Animal & Plant Cells

Where are Ribosomes located? Some attach to ROUGH ER… Some float in cytoplasm…

Lysosomes Function- Breaks down old cell parts & releases them for recycling Analogy- Like the Janitors Found- Plant & Animal Cells

A plant cell has two more unique organelles! But Wait…There’s More! A plant cell has two more unique organelles!

Chloroplast Function- Makes food for the cell through photosynthesis Chlorophyll traps sunlight and makes plants green in color. Analogy- A chloroplast is like a Chef in a Restaurant Found- Plant Cells

Cell Wall Function- Structure that is rigid and gives support to a cell. Cells walls (made of different materials) also found in algae, fungi, bacteria, and archaea. Analogy- Like a brick wall surrounding a building! Found- Plant Cells

Video Clip: Biology- Cell Structure https://youtu.be/URUJD5NEXC8

Cell Rap https://youtu.be/-zafJKbMPA8

Nucleolus Ribosomes are made here. It’s found INSIDE the NUCLEUS!

Vacuoles Function- Stores food and water; Largest are found in plant cells and smallest in animal cells. Analogy- Like a Storage Container Found- Plant & Animal Cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum Organelle- Endoplasmic Reticulum Function- Carry/DELIVERS proteins and other cell materials from one part of cell to another. Two Types- Smooth ER and Rough ER Rough E.R. has Ribosomes Smooth E.R. does NOT have Ribosomes! Analogy- Like Roadways/Highways Found- Animal & Plant Cells

Where is the Endoplasmic Reticulum? Rough ER Rough E.R.? Smooth E.R? Smooth ER

Golgi Bodies/Golgi Apparatus: Organelle- Golgi Body Function- Receives Proteins (mail) from the E.R., Packages them (puts it in envelope) then Distributes them to other parts of cell (Mailman) Analogy- Like Post office Found- Plant & Animal Cells

Where are Golgi Bodies???

Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!! Where is the Vacuole? Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!!