Geomorphology of Eastern Meridiani Planum

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Presentation transcript:

Geomorphology of Eastern Meridiani Planum Kevin Lewis California Institute of Technology Image Credit : Cornell/JPL/NASA

Regional Geology of Meridiani Region of Interest Etched Terrain Hematite Unit (Hynek, et al., 2002)

Region of Interest Layered Blanket Dozens of layers Linear features 1 km

Data:

Data: Moc vs. MOLA ~100x vertical exaggeration Overall, Stereo and MOLA DEMs show similar profiles. Baseline for Stereo has NOT been adjusted to MOLA ~100x vertical exaggeration

Notable observations This depression has an anomalously low depth/diameter ratio (~1/60) The basin seems to tilt to the North Several layers inside form distinct benches The inferred stratigraphy implies regional folding A fresh impact crater, which punches through the etched layers, aids in reconstructing the stratigraphy

Geologic Model

Formation Mechanisms:

1: Impact Crater with Fluidized Ejecta Evidence for: Looks like a crater Craters are common! Explains blanket around circular feature Evidence Against: Layers appear undisturbed Fails to explain uniqueness of feature Ejecta blankets do not normally have as many layers

2: Circular Anticline Evidence for: Evidence Against: Complex layering Shallow depth Evidence of folding Evidence Against: Requires a very localized uplift Does not explain lithification Model requires 2x thickness of layered unit www.lpi.usra.edu/images/ sgeo/sgeo_S13.gif

3: Hydrologic Feature Evidence for: Evidence Against: Provides an explanation for complex erosion patterns Could create layering and lithification Evidence of water at Opportunity site Evidence Against: No other clear signs of hydrologic activity in this unit Likely too large to be a hydrothermal basin (geyser) [see Hynek et al, 2002]

Conclusions and Unresolved Questions An anticline or a hydrologic origin are most likely from this research – however, all the scenarios tested have problems, which do not fit the data Are there possible formation mechanisms which have not been addressed? How does this area tie into the regional geology? What is the mineralogical composition of this unit?

Another possibility...? Image Credit: easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~aburnham/ eng/arborhi2.htm