Photosynthesis & Respiration, Day 2 23

Warm-Up: With a neighbor... Decide who will be partner 1 and who will be partner 2. When I start the stopwatch, partner 1 will see how many times they can make a fist and open their hand completely in 30 seconds. Count out loud together to ensure an accurate count. Partner 2 will take a turn, and attempt to beat Partner 1.

Warm-Up pt. II: With a neighbor... Who had the highest score around you? Who had the highest score in the class? What changes did you notice in your arm/hand by the end of 30 seconds? What chemicals were being used in the muscle cells of your arm/hand during those 30 seconds?

Review: What was the balanced equation for photosynthesis? Reactants Products

What do humans need to stay alive? Why are those things necessary? What does your body do with them?

Last question: When is an animal considered dead? What is it no longer doing that it was doing when it was alive?

Cellular Respiration: the breakdown of glucose to generate ATP (energy to do work) Plants, animals, fungi, and protists have structures called mitochondria. Mitochondria are found in the cytoplasm of cells. What cells in your body do you think have the most mitochondria? The least?

First step: Glycolysis Glucose is broken into two 3-carbon molecules called pyruvate. Using the picture to the right, how many ATP are gained from this step?

First step: Glycolysis Some organisms exist in non-oxygen environments and stop there. How long can you exist without oxygen? Why can’t you last very long without oxygen?

Second step: Krebs Cycle So, this gets a little complicated, but how many ATP are produced from this process: Per 3-carbon pyruvic acid? Per original glucose molecule?

Third step: Electron Transport Chain A series of reactions in the membrane of the mitochondrion produces a net gain of 32 more ATP. How many total ATP are gained from one original glucose molecule?

Why is oxygen such a big deal? Without oxygen: Anaerobic Respiration Glycolysis -only step possible. 1 glucose molecule-2 ATP produced Lactic acid is produced With oxygen: Aerobic Respiration All 3 steps possible 1 glucose molecule-36 ATP produced No lactic acid produced

The “Make-A-Fist”contest... You were making the muscles of your forearm work faster than oxygen could be supplied. What does lactic acid buildup feel like?

Cellular Respiration p.24 Divide your paper into 4 equal quarters (2 top and 2 bottom) by drawing lines with a ruler. Label top-left box “At rest”. Label bottom-left box “At work”. Label top-right box “Cellular Respiration”. Label bottom-right box “Why this happens.”

Respiration Analysis (cont’d) p. 24 3. Write out the balanced equation for cellular respiration in the top-right box. 4. In the bottom-right box, describe what changes are going on in the person’s body during exercise. Be sure to include: Sketch a person at rest in the top-left box. Sketch a person performing an activity in the bottom-left box. water Glucose Heart rate Breathing rate Oxygen ATP & ADP mitochondria carbon dioxide