The U.S. Enters into WWI “He Kept Us Out of War”.

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Presentation transcript:

The U.S. Enters into WWI “He Kept Us Out of War”

Election of 1916 Democrats: Wilson Republicans: Charles Evan Hughes No War! Republicans: Charles Evan Hughes Freedom of the Seas Hughes? Wilson? Hughes? Wilson?

The End Neutrality January 22, 1917: Wilson calls for a “league for peace.” Germany: Responds with unrestricted submarine warfare. Wilson: Wait for overt acts. Zimmerman Note: German telegram, intercepted by Britain, alliance between Germany and Mexico. April 2, 1917: Wilson’s War Resolution. April 4, 1917: Senate passes. April 6, 1917: House passes.

America Enters the War Need troops! Militarization: 200,000 men in service at the start. Out-of-date weapons. 55 planes. 130 pilots. Militarization: May 1917: Selective Service Act. 1918: 24 million conscripts. 3 million called up. 2 million reach Europe. 13,000 women in non-combat positions. 369th Infantry Regiment: African-American.

Americans in Combat How do we get to Europe? How do we help Europe? Bridge to France: Ships, ships, and more ships. How do we help Europe? Breaking the Blockade: Convoy system: Merchant ships protected by destroyers. Fight in Europe: Fresh troops. Pershing and the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). “Doughboys.” Independent, Aggressive forces.

American Turns the Tide of War American troops stop Germany at the Western Front: July and August 1918: Second Battle of the Marne. September 1918: Offensives against Germany. 48,000 men lost in battle, 62,000 die of disease. New Weapons: Counteract Big Bertha, the machine gun and the Zeppelin with…. The tank (British) and the airplane = mechanized warfare. Observation balloons?

Collapse of Germany SO… November 3, 1918: The Grand Fleet mutinies. November 9, 1918: German people rebel and overthrow the Kaiser. SO… 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918… Armistice! General Foch stops fighting. Germany agrees to a cease fire.

Effects of War 4 years. 30 nations. 26 million deaths: 13 million starvation, disease, and exposure. 20 million wounded. 10 million refugees. $350 billion dollars. “Made the world safe for democracy?”