Statehood for Texas

LEGISLATURE A government body that has the power to ______ and _____ laws.

Executive branch The part of the government that ____ _____ the laws.

Legislative Branch The part of the government that ____ the laws.

Judicial Branch The part of the government that ______ the laws and ____ these laws in the court system.

Governor The _____ ranking officer in the state government.

Lieutenant governor The ______ ______ ranking officer in the state govt.

Cession The _____ of land from one country to another.

Abolitionist A person who wants to ____ slavery.

Sam Houston was elected as the 1st president of Texas in 1836 Sam Houston was elected as the 1st president of Texas in 1836. Texans also showed they ______ to be annexed to the U.S.

From Republic to a State The Republic of Texas began in 1836 and for another ___ years, TX tries to become part of the U.S. The _______ to annex Texas to the U.S. was signed on March 1, 1845. On March 1, 1845, Texas becomes the ___ state of the United States. The resolution stated that Texas could be divided into ___ states.

At this point, a new constitution was needed for Texas At this point, a new constitution was needed for Texas. The state constitution would closely followed that of the _________. Delegates met on July 4, 1845 in Austin. _________ was the only Texan born delegate among them.

Jose Antonio Navarro Was a member of the Coahuila y Tejas state legislature and to the federal congess at Mexico City. Elected to the _____ Congress Helped _____ the Texas state constitution. Served two years in _______ _______.

Texas State Constitution of 1845 modeled the US Constitution. The statehood constitution that outlines the three branches of govt., creates the executive, the legislative, and the judicial offices.

Provisions of the Const. of 1845: Protected homesteads from being taken to pay debts Did not allow ministers or priest to serve in the legislature Allowed settlers to continue bringing slaves into the state.

Protected women’s right to own land. Outlined the 3 branches of the state government. Created the offices of governor and lieutenant governor. Created the legislature, which included the House of Representatives and the Senate. Set up court system.

Branches of Government and Officials in 1845 James P. Henderson----Executive Albert C. Horton---------Executive Thomas J. Rusk----------Legislative Sam Houston------------Legislative David Kaufman----------Legislative Timothy Pillsbury--------Legislative John Hemphill------------Judicial

James P. Henderson The first __________ of TX – 1845 Established the first govt. of TX Governed during war with Mexico Allen Horton was elected _________ governor.

12.2 Mexican and U.S. Policy on Texas The admission of Texas to the U.S. had created hard feelings between Mexico and the U.S. Even though Santa Anna had signed the Treaties of Velasco, the Mexican govern- ment _____ to recognize Texas indep- endence.

Mexico claimed that Santa Anna signed the treaties only because ___________. Therefore, Mexico _______ rec- ognize Texas independence even though Texas was a Republic. Leaders in Mex- ico thought that the Texas Revolution had been planned by the U.S. Mexico warned if the U.S. admitted Texas into the Union, it would mean _____.

Tensions between Mexico and the U.S. The U.S. believed Texas border was at the __________. Mexico said the border was the ___________, since they didn’t recognize the Treaties of Velasco. The dispute was also about the U.S. wanted to gain control of California and all the land between Texas and the Pacific ocean.

Claimed by Mexico & Texas

Many U.S. citizens believed that ex- pansion of the U.S. to the pacific Ocean was certain to happen. This idea was known as _____________ ______.

When Texas was annexed, President Polk sent ___________ to Mexico to try to ease tensions between the U.S. and Mexico.

Zachary Taylor Known as “_____ _________” Many victories in War w/Mexico led to his election as U.S. President 1848

Mariano Arista Mexican general led troops South of Rio Grande during the US-Mexico war. Becomes Pres. of Mexico after the war.

War with Mexico 1846 - 1848 U.S. declared war _______ Texans view war as chance to “remember the Alamo” & the Mier Expedition.

Cause of War: Mexico claimed the Nueces River as its border, and the United States/Texas claimed the Rio Grande. The war began at Brownsville when a small battle breaks out, and American blood is shed.

Texas Rangers Created by SFA to protect settlers from Native American raids Fought & served as _____ in US-Mex war. Called “los diablos Tejanos” by Mexicans due to their fighting ability (they adopted fighting style of Comanches)

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Helped U.S. achieve Manifest Destiny because Mexico agreed to: Recognize TX as part of the US Surrender all land between TX & Pacific Ocean

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo: Ended the Mexican War. Mexican Cession: the Southwest is claimed by the United States. Mexico accepts Texas as part of the United States, and the United States paid $15 million to Mexico. The Rio Grande River is the border of Texas.

12.3 The TEXAS—New Mexico Border The ______________________ est- ablished Texas’ southern border at the Rio Grande. However, the dispute con- tinued because Texans claimed that their border continued northward through central New Mexico into Colorado.

Disagreements over Slavery and Territories In 1848, the U.S. had several problems. One, the dispute over Texas’s ______ boundary and ______ disputes. Zachary Taylor became president of the U.S. in 1848.

Disagreements Over Slavery and Territories ________________: Didn’t want California to join the Union. Favored large western boundary for TX Wanted federal help for finding run-away slaves

________________ Wanted California to join Wanted to limit TX borders Wanted to outlaw slavery in Washing D.C.

12. 3 Henry Clay ________ the Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850 California became a state New Mexico & Utah become territories TX gets $10million in exchange for disputed land north and west (along Rio Grande) (this would help in paying off Texas’ debt) Fugitive Slave Law passed Slave trade ended in Washington, D.C.