internet fundamentals Unit 10 2 days including projects. Combined with unit 11 for test.

Objectives Define communication networks and identify the differences between public and private networks Describe the function of an IP address Understand DNS, domain types and parts of a URL Compare and contrast web browsers Use bookmarks/favorites, handle pop-ups, cookies and browser cache Describe web site/web page standards

Internet and WWW Internet World Wide Web The connected network of hardware/devices World Wide Web The collection of interconnected documents & resources

The Internet Global network of connected, smaller networks You connect to it through an ISP World Wide Web & email are most popular uses No one owns the Internet.

Internet Backbone Redundant, high-speed networks Owned by major communication companies (Tier 1) They connect through IXP w/ high-speed optical fiber Routers, switches, servers exchange packets of data Routers connect different networks to each other Routers determine the best path IXP- Internet Exchange Point

Communicating Protocols Packet Switching Set of rules for communication TCP/IP Packet Switching Data is split into smaller segments/packets in NIC Reassembled by destination NIC

Public vs. Private Networks Public Networks The Internet (not owned or controlled by anyone) You are vulnerable to unwanted activity “Open” or “untrusted” network Private Networks Controlled by someone “Trusted” network Home, school, work

Network Types- Intranet Web based for internal company use Handbooks, manuals, employment forms, work news, etc Only can access from within that company Through web browser

Network Types- Extranet Similar to Intranet Outside users with user name & password can have access to internal info

Set Connection Type Windows asks what type you’re connecting to Private- means you can discover other devices & share Public- means you can’t discover or share (MOST SECURE) When you connect to public hotspots, choose PUBLIC so your computer is kept secure from hackers. Have students open Network & Sharing Center to see if our connection is Public or Private.

Finding computers on the internet

Addressing Network devices need an IP Address & MAC Address to communicate (TCP/IP) IP: 192.168.1.120 (assigned logically) MAC: 0A-B5-74-C3-1E-FF (physically on NIC) DNS Translates web site names to IP addresses Go into cmd prompt: ipconfig & ping www.cisco.com for DNS example If the DNS server is down, you can only get to a website by its IP address.

URL & Top-Level Domain Types Protocol Domain Type/ Extension Folder File Name Extension Type .com Commercia/companyl; Any site; Most popular .edu Education; Schools & Universities .gov Government; US Gov. .mil Military; US Armed Forces .net Network; Widely used for anyone .org Organization; Non-profits or anyone URL: Uniform Resource Locator Beginning of a URL will be http. https or ftp Country code top-level domains: England .uk; Canada .ca; Japan .jp A 2nd level domain is the registered name. A 2nd level domain can be divided into subdomains. Support.xbox.com (.com- top-level, .xbox- 2nd level, support- subdomain)

URL Shortening Makes a long website link short Bit.ly, Twitter

Secure Sites- HTTPS & SSL/TLS Password DOES NOT mean secure Secure Socket Layer (SSL) & TLS Encrypts the data (credit card #’s, etc.) URL will begin with https:// Log Off after leaving site Why?

Secure Sites Look for https Look for padlock & click it Click to view the certificate Just because it has username & password, doesn’t mean it’s secure.

A Web Page HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) Language used to create web pages View…source

Upload/Download/Stream Upload- from you to a server Download- server to you Have to get it before you view it Stream- delivered in a constant & steady stream Can’t save

Review- 3Q What is the language of a web page? HTML Every website name is actually a number. What is the number called? IP address What translates the website name to IP address, which is what computers & routers understand? DNS

Meet the browser

IE 11 Navigation Buttons (Back & Forward): Right-click to see previous pages Address Bar: Is a search bar too. Tabs: CTRL + T is a shortcut to open a new tab Toolbar Menu: Menu Bar, Status Bar, Command Bar (Home button, Print button, etc) Home Button Favorites: Favorites, Feeds, History Tools Know the refresh button too. What’s the keyboard shortcut to refresh the page? IE 11 you can open up to 100 tabs in one session. ****What is InPrivate Browsing (IE) or Private Browsing/Incognito? Surf without your activity saved (history, cookies, form data)

Popular Browsers Edge, IE, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Apple Safari

Set Home Page Set a specific home page Set to a blank home page

Managing Browser History Favorites Options: By site By date By most visited Search Default History for 20 days You can change/delete any time

Managing Favorites On page, click Add to Favorites Organize them! Select where to put it Organize them! Know how to: Add a favorite Create a folder Move favs into folders Move folders/organize Ctrl+D adds to favorites Note you can import/export favorites.

Pop-Up Ads Pop-Up Ads Pop-under Turn pop-up blocker on Appear in separate window Annoying; generally not dangerous Pop-under Turn pop-up blocker on

Cookies Many sites require cookies Contains customer id info Small text file Stored on your HD Contains customer id info Personalizes your web visit When you visit the site, the ID# in cookie is sent to web site to look up history of your past visits Profiles are formed from your activities

Cookie Example- Good Cookie

Cookie Example- Third Party Cookie Hosting the banner on servers and using third-party cookies, an advertising company is able to track the browsing of users across these two sites. Means other people (other sites) are tracking your browsing history. As an example, suppose a user visits www.example.org. This web site contains an advertisement from ad.foxytracking.com, which, when downloaded, sets a cookie belonging to the advertisements's domain (ad.foxytracking.com). Then, the user visits another website, www.foo.com, which also contains an advertisement from ad.foxytracking.com/, and which also sets a cookie belonging to that domain (ad.foxytracking.com). Eventually, both of these cookies will be sent to the advertiser when loading their advertisements or visiting their website. The advertiser can then use these cookies to build up a browsing history of the user across all the websites that have ads from this advertiser.

Cookie Example Play Video

Cookie Options in Browser Tools, Internet Options, Privacy Tab Delete: Tools, Internet Options, Browsing History, Delete

Review- 4Q Where are cookies stored? Why are 3rd party cookies bad? On your HD Why are 3rd party cookies bad? The ads follow you What is contained in cookies? Customer ID # Where can you delete cookies in IE? Tools, Internet Options, Browsing History

Plug-Ins/ Add-Ons Plug-In (Add-on) Add-on for a program that adds functionality Allow you to watch movies, listen to music, open & read documents, play games, toolbars, etc. Adobe Reader, Java, Flash Player, QuickTime If you can’t play a video, check to see if the plug-in is installed and enabled. Tools, Options, Manage add-ons

Activity Teknimedia C1.1- C1.27

internet fundamentals Unit 10 2 days including projects. Combined with unit 11 for test.