April 10, 2018 You need: -Clean paper (2) / pencil -Maze craze Warm Up: Mental Math…be ready I CAN: convert units within the metric system (to help describe motion).

Review Test Assess? April 2018 1 2 No School 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 15 16 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1   Easter 2 No School 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Forces and motion 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Benchmark? 17 F/M/E 18 19 20 Review Test Assess? 21 22 23 Forces and energy 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

May 2018 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday   1 Forces and energy 2 3 4 Review Test Assess? 5 6 7 Atmosphere 8 9 10 11 12 13 Mother’s Day 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 No School Memorial Day 29 30 31

June 2018 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday   1 Atmosphere 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 last day 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Conversion in the METRIC system… NAME! RIGHT Kilo Hecto km Deka hm dkm deci LEFT centi Meter Liter Gram dm milli cm mm

Motion – Occurs when an object changes _____________ relative to a _____________ ____________. position point reference

-Distance: how ________ an object has traveled. -Displacement: ______________ and _____________ of an object’s change in position from the starting point. far distance direction

Speed – the _________________ an object travels per unit of _________________. Also known as the ____________ of change in position. distance time rate

So…what is motion? Motion is a change in position over time!!

So…what is motion? Distance If you change your position, then you have traveled some distance.

So…what is motion? Distance How fast you travel that distance is your speed! (Speed is the RATE at which you change position).

Let’s measure Card tells you what to find and measure (in addition to the worksheet). Be accurate. Include units. Write your answers onto your own notebook paper. This was from BEFORE our SPRING BREAK! Some classes used the worksheet to measure – others had cards.

Did you measure? What did you measure? How did it compare? Can you convert from cm to mm? Mm to meters?

How can we describe motion? Motion can be described by: DISTANCE (how far did it travel?) TIME (how long did it travel?) SPEED (how fast did it travel?) DIRECTION (which way did it go?) ACCELERATION (does the motion change?)

Let’s try it! You will be given a maze. Your job is to find your way from the “start” to the “end” – but you don’t know where that is…YET. After finding your way through the maze, you must write out directions about HOW to get through the maze. Be clear.

Maze Your maze will look a little like this. Draw your way through. Then write (in sentence form) how to get through the maze.

Maze TRADE Your partner will now be given a blank copy of the maze. Following your directions – only as written – they will have to draw their way out. What could you have done differently?

How can we describe motion? Motion can be described by: DISTANCE (how far did it travel?) TIME (how long did it travel?) SPEED (how fast did it travel?) DIRECTION (which way did it go?) ACCELERATION (does the motion change?)

Binder clip – to steady the ramp To mark a place for the ramp AND a start for the index card. End point – to be measured for distance. The binder clip will be set at 10 cm – so the ramp is at 10 cm. An index card to indicate the movement. This is a CIBL lab – so all of the stuff is in our kit. It is a good hands-on way to get kids to describe and measure the movement of the card – based on the force of the marble. 3rd will skip

3rd will skip

Be careful! When measuring, make sure to use the actual scale on the ruler – not just the end of the ruler. 3rd will skip

Marble / Ramp Experiment The binder clip will be set at 10 cm – so the ramp is at 10 cm. An index card to indicate the movement. 3rd will skip Binder clip – to steady the ramp To mark a place for the ramp AND a start for the index card. End point – to be measured for distance.

3rd will skip

Energy Energy is what makes things move or change. What do you know? What do you think? Energy is what makes things move or change. 1. Ask students to share examples of energy and to explain what they think about it. Accept all answers without correction. 2. Hold a book a few feet above a table, as still as possible. Ask the class if the book has energy? Again, accept all answers. Drop the book and repeat the question. 3. Introduce a working definition of energy: “Energy is what makes things move or change.” Explain that we will explore energy during the next several activities.

Energy What do you know? What do you think? Knowing types – and fitting them into the Potential or Kinetic category Solar energy – for us and for plant life which feeds animals/people

Energy What do you know? What do you think? Knowing types – and fitting them into the Potential or Kinetic category Plants as food AND plants as heat source…biomass

Energy What do you know? What do you think? Coal, oil, natural gas – fossil fuels

Energy What do you know? What do you think? Knowing types – and fitting them into the Potential or Kinetic category Water power - HYDRO

Energy What do you know? What do you think? Knowing types – and fitting them into the Potential or Kinetic category Wind power

Energy What do you know? What do you think? Knowing types – and fitting them into the Potential or Kinetic category Geo thermal…earth / heat

What did you observe? What did you measure? What happens if you change the ramp?

Let’s hypothesize

Marble on Ramp Experiment Height Distance 5 cm 10 cm 15 cm 15 cm 20 cm 30 cm

Marble on Ramp Experiment Ht Dist 5 cm 10 cm 15 cm 15 cm 20 cm 30 cm Dist (dependent) Height (independent)

What patterns do we see? Why? Potential Energy As you lift the marble up (to the top of the ramp), you are doing work – against the force of gravity. The work done is stored in a form of energy known as POTENTIAL ENERGY. Also thought of as “Energy of Position”

Does Potential Energy stay as Potential? Kinetic Energy As the marble starts to move, potential energy now becomes KINETIC ENERGY or “energy of motion”

Potential vs. Kinetic Satellite orbiting Skydiver falling at fastest speed Basketball sits on rim before falling in Baseball at its highest point after being hit Arrow released from bow, travels toward target

Potential vs. Kinetic A slingshot that has been pulled back, but not let go. Bobsled moving at its greatest speed around the final turn Grasshopper reaches highest point in its jump Girl swinging at her highest point Cliff diver is just about to jump from cliff.

Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

PE KE

We agreed that the height influenced the distance traveled. Would the mass/weight of the marble make a difference? Why or why not?

In math terms… Distance Speed = Time A “change in position over time” is the same as saying: Distance Speed = Time

Speed = d Distance Time s t

D S T Speed = Distance Time Time = Distance Speed Distance = Speed x Time D S T

What does “speed” mean? Some examples of speed: 60 miles/hour 100 meters/minute Let’s break it down… If you travel 60 miles per hour, how far do you travel in 1 hour? 60 miles/hour is the same as 60 miles 1 hour

Let’s practice calculating speed If you travel 100 km in 2 hours, what is your speed? Speed = Distance Time Distance = 100 km Time = 2 hours Speed = 100 km 2 h Speed = 50 km/h

Practice problems: possible exit ticket?

But what if we don’t have a steady speed?   Type Description Example 1 Instantaneous 2 Average 3 Constant

Instantaneous speed Speed at a given point in time…at a particular INSTANCE. Example: Driving the car and you look down at the speedometer. Driving home and the “speed” at a stop sign.

Average speed Total distance traveled divided by the total time. So you are finding the AVERAGE. Example: As you drive home, you stop at stop signs/redlights. You go faster on straight paths. Taking a road trip. It may last 4 hours – but you are not at the same speed for the entire time.

Constant speed Speed that does not vary or change. It is CONSTANT. Example: Putting your car on cruise control (to maintain a steady speed). Remember that the opposite of constant is changing or VARIABLE.