Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions Image source: nutralegacy.com Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions Created by: Marci Russell Bandung International School

1.1 Elements and Compounds Image source: wonderpics.wordpress.com Atoms: The smallest part of an element. Elements: A substance made of only one type of atom. Image source: physicalgeography.net

1.1 Elements and Compounds Each element is given a symbol. Pg. 3 of the text Where do we find these 151 known elements? Image source: chemistryland.com Element song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy0m7jnyv6U

1.1 Elements and Compounds Depending on their melting points, elements are… Image source: etftrends.com Gas Liquid Solid Image source: cacingbusuk.blogspot.com Image source: pripatel21.glogster.com Image source: globalnerdy.com

1.1 Elements and Compounds Elements are organized using the periodic table. Elements with similar properties are grouped. Metals on the left Non-metals on the right Metalloids in between Image source: accessscience.com

1.1 Elements and Compounds METALS are: Image source: etftrends.com Usually solid at room temperature. Malleable – can be hammered into shape Ductile - can be drawn into wires. Usually conduct electricity and heat well Alloys are impure metals Physical properties of metals: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEmA9wz1zyg

1.1 Elements and Compounds Non-metals are… Image source: goalfinder.com Usually at the far right on the periodic table (except H) Usually gases Not malleable Not ductile

1.1 Elements and Compounds Metalloids… Image source: periodicfun.wikispaces.com In between metals and non-metals Shiny like metal but easy to break like non-metals Sometimes they conduct electricity

1.1 Elements and Compounds Video source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66kuhJkQCVM Substances made of two or more different kinds of atoms. Their properties are different than that of atoms that make them up They are formed by chemical reactions. Represented by chemical formulas.

1.1 Elements and Compounds Chemical Formulas… Image source: academicclip-10.wikispaces.com Tell which elements are present and how many atoms there are of each element. H2O How many hydrogen atoms? How many oxygen atoms? C6H12O

1.1 Elements and Compounds Safe disposal of compounds Image source: cravendc.gov.uk Some are hazardous to people or the environment. Guidelines have been developed by authorities.

1.2 Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions: Chemical Equations Bonds form or break between atoms changing the substance. Represent chemical reactions. Show reactants and products. Image source: http://dnr.wi.gov/lakes/publications/under/oxygen.htm

1.2 Chemical Reactions Physical Change: Chemical Change: No new substances are formed New substances are formed.

How do you identify chemical reactions? Gas Heat or light Δ in mass Permanent Δ in color Formation of precipitate. Physical vs. Chemical change: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QL7V3L3dfDM&feature=related

1.2 Chemical Reactions Useful gases: Carbon Dioxide Oxygen Hydrogen Cooking Fire extinguishers Photosynthesis Oxygen Necessary for living things for respiration. Combustion (burning) Hydrogen Balloons Flammable and dangerous Image source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TxhUmU7Jfk

1.3 Reaction Rate How can we speed up reactions? How can we slow down reactions? Increasing temperature Increasing concentration Using smaller particles Using a catalyst Decreasing temperature Decreasing concentration Using large particles Not using a catalyst

1.4 Acids and Bases What are acids? What are bases? Sour taste Burns skin Examples: Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Acetic Acid (vinegar) Citric Acid (lemons) Soluble in water Bitter taste Soapy feel Examples: Soaps Drain cleaner Ammonia Image source: donaldsweblog.blogspot.com Image source: naturesbathtub.co.uk

The pH Scale Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8tTELZD5Ek 1.4 Acids and Bases The pH Scale Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8tTELZD5Ek

1.4 Acids and Bases What is pH? Image source: http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/education/site_students/phscale.html pH is a scale used to measure the strength of an acid or base

1.4 Acids and Bases Indicators: Reactions of acids and bases. Something that changes colors under different conditions. Some vague and some specific. Neutralization reaction – when acids and bases (alkalis) are mixed.

Chapter Review Questions Pg. 30