WARM-UP: Split a half sheet with a neighbor Answer the following question about the map. Your answer does not have to be in a complete sentence. Please number your answers like shown below. Name the colonies below and identify which region they belong to: #1._________________________ #2._________________________ #3._________________________ #1 #2 #3

Unit 2 Notes 4.3 Culture and Society

I. Life in the Colonies A. Immigration Population = 2.5 million by mid 1770s Immigration Between 1605-1775 ~690,000 Europeans came to colonies 278,000 enslaved Africans brought to colonies

Growth = women STILL Fragile Married early Large families Diseases Women died during childbirth Epidemics: outbreaks that affected large numbers of people = 1721 Smallpox Epidemic in Boston killed ~15% of the population

Born in other countries Brought diff. languages & ways of thinking B. NEW American Spirit Born in other countries Brought diff. languages & ways of thinking Adapted to new traditions Religion, education, and the arts

Men = heads of the household C. Family Roles Men = heads of the household Managed farm/business & rep. the family Worked in fields & built barns, houses, fences, etc. Son = often worked as indentured servants for local farmers or became apprentices

Women =ran the households & cared for children Worked in fields Married women = few rights Might work as maids or cooks Widows/elderly = teachers, nurses, or seamstresses Children Worked as young as 4 or 5 Enjoyed simple games & toys

II. American Beliefs A. Colonial Education New England & PA = schools = read the bible 1647 = Mass. Puritans pass public ed. Law = communities of 50+ homes required to have a public school By 1750 ~85% of men & ~50% of women could read

Middle Colonies = private school Quakers & others = religious schools Craftspeople = night schools for apprentices Earliest colleges = train ministers

B. The Great Awakening 1730s & 1740s = religious revival New England & Middle Colony ministers called for “a new birth” = return to strong faith Jonathan Edwards of Mass. = sermons George Whitefield = English preacher

Led to the formation of new churches Emphasis on personal faith rather than rituals GW united colonist North & South = overcame barriers Paved way for revolutionary ideas & independence

Increased interest in science & expression C. The Enlightenment Began in Europe Spread the idea that knowledge, reason, & science could improve society Increased interest in science & expression Ben Franklin

Important issue for colonists D. Freedom of Press Important issue for colonists Newspapers (Boston & Philadelphia) carried political news = faces govt censorship 1733 = publisher John Peter Zenger, New-York Weekly Journal Accused NY governor of corruption Charged for a crime & thrown in jail Jury found Zenger not guilty Case = key step for a free press

E. Civic Virtue Democratic ideas, practices, & values that help to form a free society Examples: Crevecoeur = spirit of America = “Letters of an American Farmer” & “American Dream” Ben Franklin = 13 Virtues Temperance, silence, order, resolution, frugality, industry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity, humility

Etiquette in the Colonies Women: Don’t be mean keep it clean! You are able, keep food on the table! Don’t hide or shield work in the field! Men: You’re the boss get to it hoss! Get in the dirt and get to work! You’ve got the wood – build like you should! Children: Don’t delay get out and play! Time to work kid, don’t get hurt! Using your notes (and your textbook if necessary, pgs. 102- 106) complete each page of your booklet Summarize the expectations of colonists for each category Either write your summaries in a colonial way of speaking OR make your summaries rhyme! Each summary must also include an illustration BONUS if each illustration includes color