LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to… Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A*

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? Task: Once you are in And settled… Acre Hugh of Vermandois Hattin Tripoli Can you Connect the four groups Of four? Dorylaeum Damascus Nicea Tyre Bohemond of Tarnto Baldwin of Bolougne Ascalon Antioch Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A* Field of Blood Jerusalem Stephen of Blois Dorylaeum

The Answers! LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? Acre Hugh of Vermandois Hattin Tripoli The Answers! Dorylaeum Damascus Nicea Tyre Bohemond of Tarnto Baldwin of Bolougne Ascalon Antioch Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A* Field of Blood Jerusalem Stephen of Blois Dorylaeum

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? Between 1174 and 1187 Saladin Unites the Muslim World… Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A*

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? So the key issues for today are… - The deaths of Baldwin IV and Baldwin V leaving female heirs in 1185–86. - The coronation of Guy of Lusignan, an unpopular outsider, in 1186. - The lack of support from the West between 1148 and 1187. - The end of the alliance with Byzantium in 1184. - The rise of Saladin and his domination of the Levant, from 1174 to 1187. - The treacherous behaviour of some leading nobles, notably Reynald of Chatillon in 1187. Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A*

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? The rise of Saladin and his domination of the Levant, from 1174 to 1187. Saladin (1138-1193) Father Shirkuh, the leader of Egypt. Championed Sunni faith. Married widow of Nur ad-Din. Public displays of piety. Two assassination attempts in 1175. - Use of Jihad as a tool. Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A* The tomb of Nur ad-Din in Damascus

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? The deaths of Baldwin IV and Baldwin V leaving female heirs in 1185–86. Baldwin IV son of Amalric. Reigned 1174-1185 Reigned from age 13, Leprosy. Imperative to ensure a smooth succession. Regent was Raymond of Tripoli. Marriage proposals to Sibylla. William Longsword Fathers Baldwin V – another infant! Montferrat dies. Hugh of Burgundy fails to turn up, Baldwin refuses Balian in favour of Guy of Lusignan, an outsider. William of Tyre discovers Baldwin IV’s leprosy Hawks Guy of Lusignan Reynald of Chatillon Gerard de Ridefort Doves Raymond of Tripoli Ibelins William of Tyre (Chancellor) Bohemond III of Antioch Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A* Reynald tortures the Patriarch of Antioch

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? The end of the alliance with Byzantium in 1184 Baldwin III had been married to emperors niece Theodora. Combined armies had march on Aleppo in 1159. 1167 Amalric had married Emperors niece Maria. Amalric even recognised Byzantine overlordship in 1171. Amalric dies 1174 and Emperor Manuel 1180. 1184 Saladin makes treaty with Byzantium. Why?! Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A* Emperor Manuel I Comnenus

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? The coronation of Guy of Lusignan, an unpopular outsider, in 1186. -1180 Peace Treaty with Saladin. 1183 Baldwin lost hands and blind. Guy chosen as regent. Guy’s 17,000 army withdraws from battle with Saladin. Despite Saladin retreating as well due to lack of supplies. 1185 Baldwin IV dies. Raymond regent, agrees truce with Saladin. 1186 Baldwin V dies aged 9 Sibylla, Guy and Patriarch of Jerusalem fool nobles into Crowning Guy King of Jerusalem. - Raymond of Tripoli’s position weakened severely. Baldwin V of Jerusalem Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A*

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? - The treacherous behaviour of some leading nobles, notably Reynald of Chatillon in 1187. 1179 Battle of Jacobs Ford 1183 Saladin annexes Allepo and Mosul 1186 Reynald of Chattilon Attacks Cairo-Damascus caravan 1187 Siege of Kerak and Raiding by Saladin. 1 May – Orders defeated at Springs of Cresson. 4 Knights! 3 July Hattin 2nd October Jerusalem Jacob’s Ford Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A*

LO: How far was the fall of Jerusalem inevitable? Describe the key factors in the fall of Jerusalem E-D Explain the relationships between those factors C-B Judge the most important factor A-A*