Variability in 52.2 Testing Monroe A. Britt NAFA TECH2008 Memphis, TN April 18, 2008
Topics 52.2 -- Same type filters at different labs 52.2 -- Same type filters at same lab 52.2 Conditioning Step -- Same type filters at different labs 52.2 Conditioning Step – Different type filters at one lab
Lab Test Program Program not planned as “Round Robin”, but as typical requirement to occasionally have an independent lab test report for verification of in-house test ------- program grew as results came in Initial 52.2 – no dust feed Proposed 52.2 Conditioning Procedure
Same Type Filters at Different Labs Two Sets -- 19 pleat and 28 pleat Synthetic Media - uncharged All Filters made with same roll of media on same equipment by same people on same morning (Manufacturing Identical) Properties of media checked through out media roll using typical QC procedures Filters were not individually tested before sending to Labs
Same Type Filters at Different Labs -- 24 x 24 x 2 Pleat Filter Two Versions : 19 Pleat and 28 Pleat
Laboratories Air Filter Testing Laboratory Blue Heaven Technologies Clarcor Air Filtration – Site 1 Clarcor Air Filtration – Site 2 IBR Intertek LMS Research Triangle Institute
19 Pleat Filters Clean Resistance - Inches wg Laboratory Air Flow- CFM D # 1 D # 2 A B G H C # 1 C # 2 492 0.04 0.06 0.05 984 0.16 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.11 1476 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.26 0.20 0.18 1968 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.37 0.58 0.30 2460 0.56 0.53 0.52 0.55
19 Pleat Filters Initial 52.2 Efficiencies Laboratory E F # 1 F # 2 Particle Size E F # 1 F # 2 D # 1 D # 2 A B G H C # 1 C # 2 0.35 1.6 7.0 2.7 1.7 0.0 10.1 0.8 1.8 0.47 5 15.9 23.0 7.4 5.4 14.3 2.5 10.4 5.7 0.62 14 31.3 25.0 18.9 15.1 5.5 22.0 12.2 35.3 27.6 0.84 25 42.0 34.0 33.3 28.8 24.4 32.0 30.3 50.0 41.6 1.14 37 50.5 44.0 45.6 40.8 46.7 43.3 49.0 39.5 58.0 49.8 1.44 49 57.6 55.0 49.1 56.5 52.5 59.3 43.8 62.8 53.8 1.88 55 67.3 67.0 63.0 58.2 65.6 60.3 68.6 68.8 2.57 61 74.0 73.0 70.0 74.3 69.8 76.6 56.4 75.6 68.1 3.46 64 75.0 73.3 70.9 78.6 77.0 78.1 60.9 79.5 75.2 4.69 63 75.4 72.0 75.9 72.9 80.3 81.8 77.9 64.2 82.1 78.5 6.2 58 75.5 76.4 73.7 80.7 86.0 82.0 82.8 80.2 8.37 56 79.4 76.9 74.2 86.6 75.1 83.4 81.4
Laboratory F
Laboratory D
Laboratory C
Comments on 52.2 Test Data
ASHRAE 52.2 KCl Conditioning Procedure Feed very large concentration (106 particles/cm3) of very fine KCl particles (less than 0.1 microns) until: a. Efficiencies meet “convergence” criteria, or b. Total “particle concentration times time” (CT) reaches pre-determined limit (109 particles/cm3 – minute)
Laskin Nozzle Sub-micron Particle Generator
Laskin Nozzle Particle Injection Into Duct
Condensation Particle Counter
Typical Conditioning Curves
Proposed 52.2 Conditioning Step Efficiencies 19 Pleat Filters Proposed 52.2 Conditioning Step Efficiencies Particle Size Laboratory E F # 1 F # 2 D # 1 D # 2 A n/a H C # 2 (IPA) 0.35 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.0 0.47 6 9.1 6.6 4.8 3.5 2.6 3.7 0.62 14 16.6 19.6 16.3 10.8 10.3 11.7 0.84 20 24.8 24.9 30.8 23.4 28.8 23.2 1.14 34 31.9 32.0 43.4 33.3 49.5 34.8 1.44 39 43.6 44.1 49.0 41.9 56.5 31.4 42.6 1.88 45 54.9 60.5 54.0 53.2 65.8 44.0 49.8 2.57 52 62.6 63.0 59.0 63.5 74.9 49.9 59.7 3.46 53 66.3 63.2 62.0 67.8 79.0 56.3 71.9 4.69 65.4 54.5 63.6 70.0 80.5 62.2 77.5 6.2 49 48.9 66.5 71.4 80.1 65.7 79.8 8.37 42 63.9 43.0 65.5 72.0 80.6 69.2 79.5
Laboratory A
Laboratory C – Filter 2
Laboratory D – Filter 1
Laboratory D – Filter 2
Laboratory E
Laboratory F – Filter 1
Laboratory F – Filter 2
Initial Resistance - In. WG 19 Pleat -- Summary Lab No. of Pleats Filter Initial Resistance - In. WG E1 - % E2 - % E3- % MERV Comments Lab A 19 1 0.37 7 61 80 8 As Received 10 62 After 52.2 Conditioning Lab B 20 57 83 Lab C 0.27 58 79 47 77 After IPA Treatment 2 0.30 24 66 82 Lab D 16 76 13 51 64 54 73 48 70.3 Lab E 0.40 11 60 9 42 6 Lab F 0.38 22 49 52 23 65 Lab G 63 Lab H 0.58 --- 67 0.65 38
28 Pleat Filters Lab Clean Resistance - In. wg E F D A B G H C # 1 Air Flow - Cfm E F D A B G H C # 1 C # 2 492 0.03 0.05 0.04 984 0.13 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.11 1476 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.20 0.16 1968 0.33 0.32 0.34 0.28 0.31 0.93 0.24 0.26 2460 0.47 0.52 0.40 0.43 0.44 0.35
28 Pleat Filters Initial 52.2 Efficiency Laboratory E F D A B G H Particle Size E F D A B G H C # 1 C # 2 0.35 2 1.6 2.5 0.0 7.5 0.1 2.7 0.47 3 18.1 5.8 9.8 10.1 7.1 0.62 9 30.3 12.6 15.6 .6.7 26.3 29.4 0.84 19 41.5 23.3 9.7 23.9 19.4 38.8 43.4 1.14 32 45.2 35.3 31.8 35.2 35.0 47.9 47.2 50.6 1.44 42 56.6 43.9 42.9 41.2 51.9 53.0 54.7 1.88 52 65.1 54.0 54.8 51.6 57.7 56.8 60.1 60.6 2.57 59 73.6 64.3 69.3 64.2 71.2 61.9 68.6 68.1 3.46 66 77.2 70.1 79.4 71.8 78.1 65.2 75.7 76.2 4.69 68 77.7 72.3 82.2 80.4 81.4 70.9 80.8 6.20 67 76.7 84.9 85.1 85.9 75.1 84.6 82.8 8.37 72.9 74.2 82.4 89.6 92.7 82.7 86.2 85.2
Laboratory C
28 Pleat Filters Laboratory 0.35 2 0.5 1.5 0.0 --- 0.47 3 13.0 4.0 0.3 52.2 Conditioning Test Results Laboratory Particle Size E F D A B G H C # 1 C # 2 (IPA) 0.35 2 0.5 1.5 0.0 --- 0.47 3 13.0 4.0 0.3 0.62 9 20.8 10.1 6.8 0.84 17 26.1 21.4 9.5 18.0 1.14 28 34.6 31.8 31.6 39.6 29.0 1.44 36 44.9 41.5 43.7 43.1 36.9 1.88 43 57.2 50.9 58.9 48.6 43.5 2.57 53 69.7 60.7 74.7 56.0 53.3 3.46 56 75.3 67.2 84.7 62.3 67.5 4.69 72.4 69.4 91.0 68.0 77.4 6.2 72.3 70.6 92.9 71.4 79.5 8.37 49 64.7 71.3 86.0 79.3 79.8
Initial Resistance - In. WG 28 Pleat -- Summary Lab No. of Pleats Filter Initial Resistance - In. WG E1 - % E2 - % E3- % MERV Comments Lab A 28 1 0.28 2 50 82 8 As Received 52 89 (9) After 52.2 Conditioning Lab B 0.31 14 48 Lab C 0.26 20 59 81 As received 6 41 76 After IPA Soak 0.24 19 57 Lab D 0.35 11 49 73 9 46 69.6 7 Lab E 0.33 65 40 54 Lab F 0.32 23 60 71 Lab G 85 Lab H 0.93 --- 55 0.99 47 70.3
Comments on 52.2 Conditioning Step
Different Filters at Same Lab 52.2 Conditioning Step Different Filters at Same Lab
24 x 24 x 2 – Cotton/Poly
24 x 24 x 2 – Cotton/Poly #2
24 x 24 x 2 – Fiberglass
24 x 24 x 12 – Fiberglass
24 x 24 x 2 – Uncharged Synthetic 24 x 24 x 2 – Uncharged Synthetic
24 x 24 x 2 – Uncharged Synthetic #2 24 x 24 x 2 – Uncharged Synthetic #2
24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic
24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic #2 24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic #2
24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic #3 24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic #3
24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic #4 24 x 24 x 2 – Charged Synthetic #4
24 x 24 x 4 – Synthetic
Summary Chart
End Questions ??
Comments on Dust Holding Capacity - DHC
ASHRAE 52.1 -- DHC Comments on Limitations of Test Results “Since the contaminant used for loading is not typical of natural atmospheric dust, its effects on the filter may not be the same as an equal amount of atmospheric dust.” “The performance values obtained in accordance with the standard cannot be used by themselves to predict the air cleanliness of a specific ventilated space or the service life of an installed filter.” “Testing accelerates the life experience of a filter and accelerated usage is not the same as normal usage.” “ASHRAE dust-holding capacity ….. Is felt by some users to be a measure of relative filter life, but the result can be manipulated advertently or inadvertently during the test.”
EN-779 – Dust Loading
Draft ISO Standard – Dust Loading
Conclusions and Recommendations
Flat Sheet Test Data
IPA Flat Sheet Test – Lab C
IPA Flat Sheet Test – Lab D
IPA Flat Sheet Test – Lab C & D Lab C – 110 FPM --– Lab D - 18 FPM