Binary Lesson 6 Classful Subnetting

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Presentation transcript:

Binary Lesson 6 Classful Subnetting

Slash Notation Consider a class A address of 1.2.3.4 The network portion is the first octet 1 This situation can be written 1.2.3.4/8 The number after the / is the number of bits in the network portion 2

Subnet Mask Consider a class A address of 1.2.3.4 /8 in binary The subnet mask is 255.0.0.0 The network address is 1.0.0.0 In Binary: IP: 00000001 00000010 00000011 00000100 Subnt Msk: 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 Net Addr: 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 3

AND To find the network address, take a node's IP address and do this: If the Subnet mask bit is 1, keep the IP address bit If the Subnet mask bit is 0, that bit changes to 0 This is called a bitwise AND operation IP: 00000001 00000010 00000011 00000100 Subnt Msk: 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 Net Addr: 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 4

Class B Class B address: 147.144.1.212 /16 The subnet mask is 255.255.0.0 The network address is 147.144.0.0 In Binary: IP: 10010011 10010000 00000001 11010100 Subnt Msk: 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 Net Addr: 10010011 10010000 00000000 00000000 5

Class C Class C address: 192.168.1.10 /24 The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 The network address is 192.168.1.0 In Binary: IP: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00001010 Subnt Msk: 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 6

192.168.1.0 /25 You can split a class C in half with a /25 IP: 192.168.1.10 /25 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.128 Network: 192.168.1.0 IP: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00001010 Subnt Msk: 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 7

192.168.1.0 /25 There are only 128 addresses in a /25 block Network: 192.168.1.0 /25 1st Usable: 192.168.1.1 Last Usable: 192.168.1.126 Broadcast: 192.168.1.127 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 First Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000001 Last Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 01111110 Broadcast: 11000000 10101000 00000001 01111111 8

192.168.1.128 /25 There are only 128 addresses in a /25 block Network: 192.168.1.128 /25 1st Usable: 192.168.1.129 Last Usable: 192.168.1.254 Broadcast: 192.168.1.255 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 10000000 First Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 10000001 Last Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 11111110 Broadcast: 11000000 10101000 00000001 11111111 9

192.168.1.0 /26 There are only 64 addresses in a /26 block Network: 192.168.1.0 /26 1st Usable: 192.168.1.1 Last Usable: 192.168.1.62 Broadcast: 192.168.1.63 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 First Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000001 Last Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00111110 Broadcast: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00111111 10

192.168.1.64 /26 There are only 64 addresses in a /26 block Network: 192.168.1.64 /26 1st Usable: 192.168.1.65 Last Usable: 192.168.1.126 Broadcast: 192.168.1.127 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 01000000 First Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 01000001 Last Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 01111110 Broadcast: 11000000 10101000 00000001 01111111 11

192.168.1.128 /26 There are only 64 addresses in a /26 block Network: 192.168.1.128 /26 1st Usable: 192.168.1.129 Last Usable: 192.168.1.190 Broadcast: 192.168.1.191 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 10000000 First Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 10000001 Last Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 10111110 Broadcast: 11000000 10101000 00000001 10111111 12

192.168.1.192 /26 There are only 64 addresses in a /26 block Network: 192.168.1.192 /26 1st Usable: 192.168.1.193 Last Usable: 192.168.1.254 Broadcast: 192.168.1.255 Net Addr: 11000000 10101000 00000001 11000000 First Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 11000001 Last Use: 11000000 10101000 00000001 11111110 Broadcast: 11000000 10101000 00000001 11111111 13