The American Revolution

First Battles: Lexington and Concord 900 60 “The shot heard ‘round the world.” 8 dead, 10 wounded The minutemen snuck up on the British and attacked them from behind (guerilla warfare).

6. What differences did you notice between the British army and the minutemen throughout the video?

Page 118 Paine’s Common Sense Thomas Paine Citizens, not kings and queens, should make laws 500,000 Viewed their king Economic freedom, military self defense Government power

Page 119 Independence is Declared Write a document declaring the colonies’ independence

A New Philosophy of Government The colonists’ break from Great Britain. a. Thomas Jefferson a. “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”

b. taxing them without their consent i b. taxing them without their consent i. unfair laws, colonial government ii. Burden (inconvenience) c. break from Britain i. the rights of citizens, agree to be governed

3. Approved the Declaration of Independence a 3. Approved the Declaration of Independence a. British crown, United States of America

Deleted Passage from the Declaration of Independence He has waged cruel war against human nature itself, violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of a distant people who never offended him, captivating & carrying them into slavery in another hemisphere or to incur miserable death in their transportation thither. 

VI. The Turning Point of the American Revolution What’s a turning point? A moment in time that changes the course of events

Before 1777 British Failures American Failures Failed to capture the city of Quebec, Canada (colony of Great Britain) Lost control of New York City and Long Island after the Battle of Long Island Nathan Hale, an American spy, was caught and executed by the British Soldiers deserted the Continental Army once their term of service was completed   900 Hessian soldiers (German soldiers fighting on the side of Great Britain) were captured and lost the Battle of Trenton in New Jersey. George Washington’s army surprised the Hessians by traveling from Pennsylvania to New Jersey across the icy Delaware River on Christmas night. Lost control of New England

On a scale of 1-10, how were the Americans doing before 1777 On a scale of 1-10, how were the Americans doing before 1777? Why did you pick that number?

B) Battle of Saratoga (September-October 1777)

British General John Burgoyne created a plan in which the British would capture Albany and cut off the Americans’ access to the Hudson River. Why would the British do this? To cut New England off from the rest of the states

Based on the map, how did Burgoyne plan to conquer Albany Based on the map, how did Burgoyne plan to conquer Albany? By attacking Albany from three sides (three pronged attack)

One reason why the plan failed was because Colonel St One reason why the plan failed was because Colonel St. Leger’s troops were stopped by American troops at Fort Stanwix and General Howe decided to head South and conquer the city of Philadelphia. Where did everyone go?

Trees cut down by the Americans Killing the officers would leave the soldiers leaderless. 1,000 France

C) France During the Battle of Saratoga, Benjamin Franklin and John Adams had been in France in order to convince its king, Louis XVI, to help the United States. France had been watching the American Revolution with much interest. The king wanted to aid the Americans in their fight for freedom but did not want to get involved until the time was right. After hearing about America’s victory in the Battle of Saratoga, King Louis believed that America could defeat the British on its own. France declared war on Great Britain and gave to the United States. One notable French soldier was Marquis de Lafayette, who led American soldiers into victory against British soldiers and raised money to help the American cause.

Predict what will happen now that France has entered the war.

VII. Valley Forge

VIII. The End of the War Iraq War (2003-2011) War in Afghanistan (2001-2014) U.S. soldiers dead: 4,487 Cost: Approximately $818,298,070,133 U.S. soldiers dead: 2,356 Cost: Approximately $765,119,693,563

After the Battle of Saratoga, the French joined the Americans in their fight against the British by supplying the United States with weapons, soldiers, money, and ships. The Spanish gave aid to the United States as well. The added power for the United States made fighting for the British very difficult, especially in the North. The British began focusing their attacks on the South and offered slaves freedom if they fought on their side. They destroyed crops, killed farm animals, conquered state governments and captured American ships and soldiers. The Americans began using guerrilla warfare in the South to disrupt British communications and supply lines. Eventually, American soldiers were able to put British soldiers on the run and chased the British until they were able to corner them in Yorktown, Virginia, a town on the Chesapeake Bay. It was at Yorktown that the British surrendered to George Washington and the Continental Army.

French ships

Take a look at the map on the board Take a look at the map on the board. Why did the British have to surrender? The British were surrounded on land and water by the French and Americans.

TREATY OF PARIS (1783) All this land is ours!!!!! Great Britain agreed to recognize the independence of the United States All British land east of the Mississippi River was given to the United States All this land is ours!!!!!