India imperialism

Learning objective TRACE IMPERIALISM IN INDIA AND ANALYZE THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF IMPERIALISM

Let’s discuss Looking at the photograph to the right, what do you see from the photograph? What does this tell you about social classes in India? This reflects the class system in India. Social classes determined the way of life in India. Upper-class men who served as officers were allowed to bring their wives and they attempted to re-create England in the home setting. The Caste System determined Indian occupations. Castes were divided and ever job was strictly regulated. The dominate position of the British afforded them more leisure time than the Indian enjoyed and they were only allowed to socialize with their own kind, which created further division within Indian society

CONTROL OVER INDIA Economic Interests – East India Company Trading Post where power was regulated by Great Britain Jewel in the Crown – Industrial Revolution turned Britain into world’s workshop Market Potential: 300M people Major supplier of raw materials Most valuable of the British colonies Restricted economy: G.B. prevented the Indian economy from operating on its own through no competition and policies that support producing raw materials and only buying from East Indian Company India’s handloom textiles almost was put out of business because of cheap ready –made clothes from England

Impact of colonialism positives negatives Created 3rd largest railroad network enabled India to develop a modern economy Modern roads, Telephones, telegraphs, dams, bridges Sanitation & public health improved Schools/Colleges created Put an end to local Warfare among competing local rulers G.B. held much of the political & economic power Emphasis on cash crops reduced food production resulted in loss of self- sufficiency Hands off policy on religion & social customer, however Increased presence of missionaries & racial feelings threatened traditional Indian life

Sepoys: Indian Soldiers Left image retrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chaterbengal.jpg Right image retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Madras_cavalry.jpg Sepoys were Indian for soldiers Sepoy Infantryman, 1819 Madras Cavalry of British India, 1845

Seboy Rebellion/Mutiny Rise of feelings that G.B. were trying to convert them to Christianity As economic problems increases so did the feeling of resentment & nationalism Rumors started: Riffles greased with beef and cow oils. Garrison jailed anyone who disobeyed & sepoys rebelled One-year conflict – weak leadership & split between Hindus & Muslins kept from uniting Turning Point: British government took direct command of India (colony) called the Raj Raj Direct British rule

India’s response Sepoy Rebellion- Put down and Britain takes direct control of India from 1857- 1947, called Raj. India was now a colony. India’s drive for self-rule: Indian National Congress- This struggle lasts many decades, well into the 1900’s Mahatma Gandhi used non-violent protest to gain India’s independence from Britain. Pacifist: Non-violence, never strike back. Inspired Dr. Martin Luther King