Unit 1, Part 2 AP Bio Day 8
Opener Check on your plants Record data We need to make a list of qualitative variables we want to start selecting for Discuss with your table Put ideas on the white board
Agenda Reading Comp 3 Quick Review: Hardy-Weinberg HW Basic genetics concepts Hardy-Weinberg Intro and Conditions How to use the Equation HW
Learning Target New Long Term LT I can mathematically model changes in the genetic structure of a population using the Hardy-Weinberg equation Don’t forget about Natural Selection. . .
Reading Comp 3 Google classroom Can use notes but not each other No talking please 15 minutes
Cornell Notes Topic: Hardy Weinberg Equations Essential Question: How can we use the HW to model evolution?
Quick Review: Basic concepts in genetics Relationship between genes and traits in sexually reproducing organisms Genes vs. alleles Dominant alleles vs. recessive alleles Genotype vs. phenotype Homozygous vs. heterozygous Genes code for traits Gene is a stretch of DNA, alleles make up the gene- punnet square pogil Dominant what is expressed recessive what is carried or expressed Genotype is your genes Phenotype what is seen Homozygous- same alleles Heterozygous- different alleles
Hardy Weinberg HW states that if a population is NOT evolving then the frequencies of the alleles in the population will remain stable across generations (equilibrium) Use the equation to make predictions about the frequency of the different alleles. Five conditions…
Hardy Weinberg Large population size No mutations No natural selection No gene flow Random mating
That is POWER scientists! The Hardy-Weinberg equation allows us to assess if a population is evolving That is POWER scientists!
The Hardy Weinberg Equation Packet Answer questions 1-11 15 minutes
Mind your p’s and q’s
How to solve a Hardy-W problem Identify the number of HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE individuals (q2) Use that number to find q (the frequency of the recessive allele) Use that number to find p (the frequency of the dominant allele) If you have p and q, you can find p2 and 2pq
Hardy-Weinberg Problems If 98 out of 200 individuals in a population express the recessive phenotype, what percentage of the population would you predict would be heterozygous?
Hardy-W problem Identify the number of HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE individuals (q2) q2= 98/200= 0.49 = 49% Use that number to find q (the frequency of the recessive allele) √q2 = √0.49 = 0.7 Use that number to find p (the frequency of the dominant allele) p=1-q p= 1- 0.7 = 0.3 If you have p and q, you can find p2 and 2pq p2= (0.3)(0.3) = 0.09 = 9% 2pq = (2)(0.3)(0.7)= 0.42= 42%
Hang in there you will get this!
Hardy-Weinberg Problems Work with one other person Figure out what the question is asking for q2? 2pq? p2? Number of individuals? q? p?