The Rise of Jackson

Monroe Doctrine Largely written by John Quincy Adams – Sec. of State Declared U.S. neutral in all European conflicts – but formally recognized new independent nations of Western Hemisphere Established U.S. trade supremacy in the Western Hemisphere Formal U.S. foreign policy for nearly 80 years – limited isolationism

Missouri Compromise Missouri applied for statehood in 1820 – as a slave state Would have thrown off the balance in Senate Compromise = Maine would be admitted along with Missouri as a free state 36˚30’ line would serve as future boundary for slave and free states Affirmed regional divide between north and south

Election of 1824 Three Candidates – John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay Jackson won – but not majority of Electoral College House of Representatives selected the President Clay and Adams struck a deal – House selected Adams Jackson supporters labeled the election “The Corrupt Bargain” Formed the Democratic Party

Jackson – the Peoples’ President Indian fighter – backwoods humble beginnings Actually more of a frontier aristocrat Democratic party developed to fight wealthy Northeastern bureaucracy True inheritors of Jeffersonian Republicans Party Ideals = equality for the average man Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island – end property ownership requirement for voting In Reality – Jacksonians only fought for equality of poor, white, men

Jacksonian Reforms Spoils System – “To the victor goes the spoils!” President rewards his supporters with federal jobs Enabled Jackson to fire many entrenched Republicans in the Executive Branch First National Convention was held by Democrats Attempt to allow common voters to select their party’s candidate