Nationalism & Sectionalism Topic 10 Nationalism & Sectionalism

APUSH PowerPoint #4.2 (Part 2 of 3) Unit #4 – Overlapping Revolutions Chapter 8 BFW Textbook TOPIC – Nationalism & Sectionalism [1816-1825]

III. Diplomatic Development

A. Agreements with Britain Rush-Bagot Agreement of 1817 a. Limited naval competition on the Great Lakes Convention of 1818 a. 49th Parallel b. Opened fishing rights off Newfoundland c. Oregon Country jointly occupied

B. Relations with Spain Florida a. Jackson’s Campaign Against the Seminoles b. Ceded by Spain Western Boundary Settlement

B. Relations with Spain (Cont’d. . .) Adams-Onis Treaty (1821) a. Treaty with Spain in which the United States acquired Florida. b. Stipulations stated that the United States had no interest in Texas. John Quincy Adams

B. Relations with Spain (Cont’d. . .)

Diminishing Political Harmony

A. Panic of 1819 Speculative Binge Easy Credit State Banks Lending Practices National Bank Added to the Speculation State-Chartered Banks Forced to Maintain Specie Reserves

B. The Missouri Compromise Early Negotiations for Missouri’s Entry as a State Terms of the Compromise a. Maine admitted as a free state b. Missouri admitted as slave state c. Slavery excluded north of 36-degree, 30- minute in Louisiana Territory

B. The Missouri Compromise

V. Judicial Nationalism

A. Chief Justice John Marshall Preserved Hamiltonian Federalism on the court. b. Helped establish the principle of “judicial review” which was used by Marshall and the Court to increase the power of the national government.

B. Judicial Review Marbury v. Madison (1803) a. Established “judicial review” as a check on the legislative and executive branches by the judicial.

C. Contract Rights Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) a. The Supreme Court ruled that states are limited in their interference to a business contract. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) a. Maryland attempted to tax a federal bank which the Supreme Court ruled was unconstitutional commenting that “the power t tax implies the power to destroy.”

D. Federal Supremacy Implied Powers Power to Tax a. Those power not written into the Constitution, but that are assumed through the “necessary and proper” clause” (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the Constitution. Power to Tax a. States cannot tax a federal entity.

E. Interstate Commerce Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Congressional Power a. Established that the federal government has a right to regulate interstate commerce. b. States cannot create artificial monopolies. Congressional Power Concurrent Jurisdiction a. States and federal government share power to regulate trade, but federal law in supreme.

VI. Nationalist Diplomacy

A. Negotiating Russia Out of Oregon

B. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 Impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Latin America British Efforts to Protect Latin America Asserting the Monroe Doctrine Reactions of the Monroe Doctrine

Monroe’s Foreign Policy “The president has firmly established that any further attempts to colonize this hemisphere shall be viewed by the United States as an act of aggression.”