Cancer and the Cell Cycle Unit Five Day 6 Cancer and the Cell Cycle

Opener HW Questions What is the cell cycle? FIVE MINUTES Opener HW Questions What is the cell cycle? What is the relationship between the cell cycle, cell division and DNA? What are the two main phases of the cell cycle? What happens during mitosis? What are the three stages or sub-phases of interphase? What happens during each sub-phase? The life of a cell from the time it is first formed to when it divides The cell cycle regulates what cells divide and make an identical copy of the DNA in mitosis Interphase and Mitosis Mitosis is the division of the cell’s nucleus to produce two identical cells. G1:cell replicates all parts but chromosomes and grows S: duplicates its chromosomes G2: cells grow and prepare for mitosis

Agenda AP test prep Cell Signaling and Signaling Pathways Oncogene Tumor Suppressor Gene Homework: read and take notes on 5.4 Essential Question: Describe the structure and function of the four levels of proteins.  How does changing the structure change the function?

I can explain the Link between genes, the Cell Cycle and Cancer

POGIL: Signal Transduction Any questions from this activity?

Signaling Pathways Reception Cell signals are detected by receptors. Change form change function Transduction Multistep pathway that amplifies the signal. Small number of signal molecules produce a large cellular response Response Genes turn on or off (increasing or decreasing mRNA production). Activating existing enzyme molecules.

2 types of Pathways Oncogene MapKinase Pathway Tumor Suppressor Gene

Focus on RAS and P53

MapKinase

Phosphorylation Cascade 1 2 Reception 4 3 6 5 Oncogene: produces cyclins and CDKs these are important to promote or inhibit the checkpoints. Transduction 7 8 Phosphorylation Cascade 9 Response

Focus on RAS and P53

P53

P53 Suppresses Cancer in 4 Ways p53 activates p21 gene. This product binds to the CDK, stopping the cell cycle to repair DNA p53 protein activates a group of microRNA, to inhibit the cell cycle p53 turns on genes directly involved in DNA repair If DNA damage is too great, p53 will activate genes to cause apoptosis