Pertemuan 08 Materi : Buku Wajib & Sumber Materi : Understanding e-Business System Development Buku Wajib & Sumber Materi : O’Brien, James A. (2003). Introduction to Information Systems. Essentials for the e-Business Enterprise. Eleventh Edition. McGraw – Hill. Bab 10

Evaluating Hardware and Software Hardware Evaluation Factors Performance Cost Reliability Compatibility Technology Ergonomics Connectivity Scalability Software Support Software Evaluation Factors Quality Efficiency Flexibility Security Connectivity Language Documentation Hardware

Evaluating IS Services IS Evaluation Factors Performance Systems Development Maintenance Conversion Training Backup Accessibility Business Position Hardware Software

Implementing New Systems Implementation Activities Acquisition Software Development Training Testing Documentation Conversion

Installation Conversion Methods Old System New System Parallel Pilot Phased Plunge

Managing Organizational Change This slide corresponds to Figure 14.13 on p. 553 and relates to the material on pp. 553-554. Executive Vision Change Management Measurement and Rewards Organizational Design Core Competencies Development Organization Mission and Role Change management requires the involvement and commitment of top management and a formal process or organizational design. Any new process generates some resistance by those affected. To management the implementation of organizational change successfully, managers should attend to the following activities: Executive Vision. Coordinated, strategic change must come from a clear and clearly articulated vision by top management of where the organization is headed. Change Management. Clear plans to spell out how to achieve change and the benefits of change help reduce risk and the cost of change, especially the interpersonal cost of those personnel who fear change. Measurement and Rewards. Successful change requires defining performance criteria in advance. To facilitate implementation and adoption, management should use innovative motivation and compensation schemes linked to changes in behavior. Organizational Design. Change is facilitated when there is a clear plan defining and designing the organizational structure to be built, with clear areas of responsibility and accountability defined. Core Competencies. Management must identify where the organization is in relation to the proposed change and define the core competencies necessary to complete the change, including how to develop or acquire those competencies not yet possessed by the firm. Work Redesign. Once the other five areas are conceptually clear, key work processes can be identified and reengineered to meet the needs of the proposed change. A commitment to continuous improvement is necessary to ensure that the planned change, dynamic in its onset, does not become a static status quo later on. Teaching Tips This slide relates to the material on pp. 367-369. Work Redesign

Business profesionals and IS Business professionals and IS specialists use a systems approach to help them develop information system solutions to meet e-business needs. Prototyping is a major alternative methodology to the traditional information system development cycle. It includes the use of prototyping tools and methodologies, which promote an iterative, interactive process. Next…..

The application development capabilities built into many end user software packages have made it easier for end users to develop their own e-business applications. The implementation process for IS projects involves acquisition, testing, documentation, training, installation, and conversion. Business professionals should know how to evaluate IT products for acquisition. IT vendor proposals should be based on specifications developed during the design phase. Next…..

Implementation activities include managing the introduction and implementation of changes in the business processes, organizational structures, job assignments, and work relationships resulting from e-business initiatives.