U.S. HISTORY Chapter 1 Part I

Students…. You are responsible for answering questions 1-28 on your section 1 and 2 study guide. Try to keep your answers brief and to the point. The study guide will be the basis for the first test in this chapter. It will be worth 30 points and will be due on the day of the test.

29. Battle of Saratoga: (Sept. 19-Oct. 7, 1777). U. S 29. Battle of Saratoga: (Sept. 19-Oct. 7, 1777) * U.S. victory over General Burgoyne * Considered the “turning point of the war.” * France enters the war. 30. Battle of Yorktown: (Sept. 28-Oct. 19, 1781) * American victory * George Washington defeated General Cornwallis * Britain agrees to peace talks. 31. George III: * King of Great Britain from 1760 to 1820.

32. July 4, 1776:. The American Declaration of Independence 32. July 4, 1776: * The American Declaration of Independence * The thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation. 33. Articles of Confederation: * Served as the first constitution of the United States from 1781- 1789. * It was replaced by the U.S. Constitution in 1789.

34. Shay’s Rebellion: * An armed uprising in Massachusetts during 1786 and 1787. * It showed the need for a stronger national government to put down future rebellions.   35. Constitutional Convention: (May 25-September 17, 1787) * Held in Philadelphia. * The purpose was to correct problems with the Articles of Confederation; the delegates end up creating the Constitution.

36. Connecticut Compromise: 36. Connecticut Compromise: * A compromise between the large and small states at the Constitutional Convention. * It led to the formation of the Senate and House of Representatives. 37. Three-Fifths Compromise: * A compromise between northern and southern states that determined how a state’s slave population would be counted for legislative representation and taxation.

38. Bicameral legislature:. Refers to a two house legislature 38. Bicameral legislature: * Refers to a two house legislature. It led to the creation of the Senate and House of Representation. 39. Federalists: * Statesmen and public figures that supported the proposed Constitution of the U.S. 40. Anti-Federalists: * Statesmen and public figures that opposed the proposed Constitution of the U.S. They were afraid that the federal government would become too powerful.

41. judicial review: * Refers to the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the Supreme Court. 42. Louisiana Purchase: * The acquisition of the Louisiana territory by the U.S. from France in 1803. * The area was 828,000 square miles and cost the U.S. a total of $15 million dollars. 43. Manifest Destiny: * A belief that American settlers were destined to expand throughout the continent.

44. Preamble: * The introductory paragraph to the Constitution.   45. 7 Articles: * The main body of the Constitution. 46. Bill of Rights: * The first ten Amendments to the Constitution.

47. 3 branches of government: * This refers to the sharing of power between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.   48. popular sovereignty: * The authority of the government rests with the consent of the people.

Chapter 1 – Sections 1 and 2 Essay Possibilities 1. What were some of the reasons why the thirteen colonies were founded? 2. Why did the colonists fight a war for independence against Great Britain? 3. What were the similarities and differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution?