oxygen+ glucose carbon dioxide+ water +energy Cellular Respiration oxygen+ glucose carbon dioxide+ water +energy 6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP

Cellular Respiration What is it? The process in which a cell uses oxygen to break down glucose and provide the cell with ATP. This is an exergonic reaction. (Energy is released) Respiration occurs in Producers and Consumers.

What do you notice about this equation? 6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP oxygen+ glucose carbon dioxide+ water +energy What do you notice about this equation?

Chemical Pathways Where are the reactants? Where are the products? Glucose Glycolysis Electron Transport Krebs Cycle Fermentation (without 0xygen) Alcohol or lactic acid Where are the reactants? Where are the products?

Overview of Cellular Respiration (Aerobic) Electrons carried in NADH Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2 Pyruvic acid Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. The Krebs cycle and electron transport take place inside the mitochondria. Mitochondrion Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Glycolysis Where? Cytoplasm of the cell What happens? One molecule of glucose(6C) is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid(3C) 2 NADH (electron carrier) molecules are produced and head to the ETC 4 ATP are produced, but 2 were needed to initiate the process = Net of 2 ATP

The cell has a net gain of 2 ATP Glycolysis The cell has a net gain of 2 ATP

Krebs Cycle Also called the Citric Acid Cycle Occurs in the mitochondria Pyruvic acid is broken down and CO2 is released NADH and FADH2 go to the ETC. Net Gain of 2 ATP are made.

This Cycle Happens Two Times FADH2 FADH+ This Cycle Happens Two Times Produces 2 ATP and NADH

Electron Transport Chain Occurs in the Mitochondra High-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed into and along the electron transport chain. As H is released to form NAD and FAD, 32 ATP molecules are formed.

Figure 9–7 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondrion Electron Transport Hydrogen Ion Movement Channel Intermembrane Space ATP synthase Inner Membrane Matrix ATP Production Go to Section:

Total energy produced by aerobic respiration = 36 ATP

Overview of Cellular Respiration (Aerobic) Electrons carried in NADH Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2 Pyruvic acid Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. The Krebs cycle and electron transport take place inside the mitochondria. Mitochondrion Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Anaerobic Respiration (Fermentation) Glycolysis still occurs first Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose  Lactic Acid and NAD+ Occurs in Human Muscles Alcoholic Fermentation – Produces Ethyl Alcohol and Carbon dioxide Ex) Yeast use this to make bread, also used to produce alcohol

Fermentation = Net Gain of 2 ATP Without Oxygen= Anaerobic

Chemical Pathways Glucose Glycolysis Electron Transport Krebs Cycle Fermentation (without 0xygen) Alcohol or lactic acid

Review Questions 1. What is the balanced formula for cellular respiration? __________ + _________  _________ + __________ + _________ 2. What is the main purpose of cellular respiration? 3. When respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen it is often called anaerobic respiration, what is the other name for this process?

Review Questions 4. Which type of anaerobic respiration occurs in humans? 5. Which process produces more energy aerobic or anaerobic respiration? 6. Which process is required before both aerobic and anaerobic respiration? 7. List the three processes required to complete aerobic respiration?

Review Questions 8. Which one of three processes above produces the most energy? 9. Which organelle in the cell is the site of most of cellular respiration? 10. Which organisms do cellular respiration?

Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Function Energy storage Energy release Location Chloroplasts Mitochondria Reactants CO2 and H2O C6 H12O6 and O2 Products C6H12O6 and O2 Endergonic/Exergonic Endergonic Exergonic