Warm Up What type of flowers have 3 or multiples of 3s petals and has parallel veins? What type of flowers have 4/5 or multiples of 4/5 petals and have branching veins? What happens during transpiration?

Kinetic and Potential Energy Today we are going to learn about Kinetic and Potential energy.

Ability to do work (change) What is energy? Ability to do work (change)

Remember the 5 forms of energy! Heat Energy - transfer of thermal energy Solar Energy – energy from the sun Chemical Energy – energy stored in matter Electrical Energy – energy in a electric circuit Mechanical Energy Potential Energy – energy in position Kinetic Energy – energy due to motion

Potential Energy Potential energy is that energy which an object has because of its position. It is called potential energy because it has the potential to be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy. Definition: Potential energy is energy that is stored in a system because of its position or chemistry. AKA – stored energy Use foldable to write notes in journal

Position Examples: 1. Wound-Up Spring 2.Baseball Pitcher ( (not released yet)

3. A yo-yo on the table doesn’t have energy, When the position of an object is altered, it creates Potential Energy. 3. A yo-yo on the table doesn’t have energy, but when picked up, it alters its position and now it has the ability (or potential) to do work. Almost every object has the potential to do work, or store energy, but the objects original position needs to be altered so it can eventually move. For example: If the Yo-Yo we used in example one was just sitting of a table, it doesn’t have potential energy because the object by itself doesn’t have the capability to do work or move. If you pick the Yo-Yo up off the table, it now has altered its original position, and can store energy because it can now work with your help.

More Examples of (Position) Potential Energy: 4. Stretching a rubber band.. -Stores energy Water at the top of a waterfall.. -Stores energy Yo–Yo held in your hand.. -Stores energy because of position Some examples of potential energy are.. Stretching a rubber band… this store energy because it has the ability of doing work. Water at the stop of the fall has the ability of falling, therefore it stores energy. A Yo Yo held in your hand stores energy because when you alter its position it now has the ability of doing work. A bow and arrow has stored energy because its position has changed and it now has the capability of shooting the arrow. Drawing a Bow… -Stores energy because of position

Chemical Examples: Wood Coal Oil Gas Items that have stored energy.

How does “chemistry” create energy? Take that pile of wood. Let’s make a fire. So – How is this wood an example of potential energy?

How does chemistry create energy? Imagine you are next to that fire. You get warm and the logs change from wood to ash (it’s a chemical reaction - remember that?) But how does wood have potential energy? Wood has stored energy that is released when burned. What is stored energy called again? Stored energy = potential energy!!

Kinetic Energy Definition: Kinetic Energy is energy in motion or the energy of a moving object. The second form of energy is Kinetic energy. This is calculated by ½ of the object’s mass multiplied by double the object’s speed.

Examples of Kinetic Energy Running Wood Burning Rock Falling

How does burning wood have kinetic energy? Back to that fire… When the wood is burning it is releasing that stored energy, that release energy is known as Kinetic Energy! Released energy = Kinetic energy!!

More Examples of Kinetic Energy Shooting a rubber band. Water falling over the fall. A Yo-Yo in motion. Releasing the arrow from the bow. Using the same examples as potential energy, you can see how the same object that previously had PE now has KE. If the rubber band we were stretching to give it PE, were to be let go, it would now have KE because its now in motion. Same with the water in the waterfall, when it falls over, its now in motion. The Yo-Yo and the arrow from the bow are also moving, giving all these objects KE.

What about food? How do you get enough energy to think in all of your classes? Can you really use cereal and milk to help you focus more? No, it is the chemicals in the food that when released give you the energy to perform these everyday functions.

Potential Energy: When you look at your food and eat it because it has the potential to give you energy Kinetic Energy: When you digest your food into usable energy the chemicals in the food are set into motion

Potential Energy Converted to Kinetic Energy… When stored energy begins to move, the object now transfers from potential energy into kinetic energy. Potential energy eventually will need to transfer from it’s stored energy into motion. If a person is standing still, they obtain potential energy because the have the ability to walk or run… if the same person who is standing still decides to start running, then they have transferred their PE into KE… in other words, they went from storing energy, to moving energy. Standing still Running

Law of Conservation of Energy This law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it just changes form. This means that no energy is ever “lost”! The amount of energy in the universe is constant

Examples of transformations of Potential to Kinetic Water behind a dam = potential Rubber band is stretched A book sits on the shelf Changes to kinetic when it flows over the dam. Changes to kinetic when it is released (shot) Changes to kinetic when the book falls to the ground.

Examples of transformations of Kinetic to Potential Water flows through a river When the ball rolls down a hill A book is lifted to a shelt Changes to potential when the dam is closed. Changes to potential when it stops at the bottom of the hill Changes to potential when it is placed on the shelf.

Remember ENERGY IS NEVER LOST! It just changes forms.

Kinetic and Potential Energy Together Same idea here, just another example.

Potential and Kinetic Energy Together Roller coaster example from Stem Scopes. Discuss how PE and KE exist in states together, in other words the two do not exist separately in the real world. http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/mck05_int_rollercoaster/

Summary of What You’ve Learned… Law of conservation of energy – energy can change forms, but the overall or total amount of energy remains the same Remember: Energy can be transformed from potential energy to kinetic energy. Kinetic energy can be transformed into potential energy. This bowling ball example is the one Kim talked about in our meeting. Having the kids get up and imagine it over their toe. I also thought to talk about the coin over the cup idea that Jill mentioned.

You Demonstrate Potential Energy – THE RULES 1) Absolutely no pointing rubber-band at others! 2) Wait for the clear and then retrieve your rubber-band & give it back

Notes should look like: Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Definition: Potential energy is energy that is stored in a system because of it’s position or chemistry. Examples: Wound up Spring Baseball pitcher (not yet released the ball) Yo-yo (not moving) Rubber band (stretch, but not released) Items that have stored energy because of their chemical make up also have potential energy. Some examples are: Wood Coal Oil Definition: Kinetic Energy is energy in motion or the energy of a moving object. running Wood burning Rock falling Yo-yo in motion Released energy is known as kinetic energy too! Our example is the fire that is burning. The burning of the logs results in heat, this is the kinetic energy.