Agriculture & Industry

What’s the Difference between Agriculture & Industry? First Things First... Answer the following question on the top of a blank sheet of paper... What’s the Difference between Agriculture & Industry?

Setting the Scene... After the Civil War = HUGE expansion in Industry and Agriculture Settlers spread across the entire Continent By 1890 - the “frontier” was closed What does that mean? New Technology & New Innovations helped economy

Agriculture - South The south could no longer depend on a one-crop economy Agriculture was diversified - especially in Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana Development of refrigerated rail cars made the shipment of fresh foods possible = increase in demand Examples of crops: Tobacco, wheat, corn, cotton, fruit Overall, the South could no longer depend on a one-crop economy. Agriculture diversified – particularly in GA, FL, SC, LA where fruit and vegetables had long growing seasons. Development of refrigerated rail cars would make shipment of fresh foods possible so demand grew.

Agriculture - South Sharecropping What is that? Dominated agriculture - poor families were tied to the land & could barely provide for their families Sharecropping dominated agriculture with poor whites and poor blacks tied to small pieces of land barely able to provide for their families.

Agriculture - Ranching Cattle Ranching - Texas They had plenty of cattle but a low demand With Railroads - transport their supply to the North, where there was a higher demand “Cattle Kingdom” eventually crashed - more ranchers and herds decreased prices, overgrazed land, loss of free grazing land b/c of fences

Agriculture - West Farmers began to settle in the Great Plains - 1870’s Railroads made the journey easier and less expensive New laws = free land Rainfall in 1870’s convinced people that they could make it as farmers

Industry - South Industry = slow in South - Civil War had devastated their economy Textile factories - closer to cotton crops Coal Mines - West Virginia, TN, KY Birmingham, Alabama - steel mills & iron production Had resources necessary Railroads need steel Steel = cheaper than iron - new technology

Industry - North North traditionally industrial South traditionally agricultural Post Civil War - the North still more Industrial Many factories in the North - putting together the resources shipped in from the South & West into consumer goods Consumer goods?

Industry - Out West Gold, Silver, & Boomtowns Gold Rush of 1849 - people fled West to find gold Towns sprung up around these areas = Boomtowns When gold & silver disappeared - people began mining for other metals Copper, lead, zinc

Steel - What is that? Steel = iron ore + carbon Iron was super expensive during the Civil War The Railroad needed iron to build the rails Introduction of steel - cheaper than Iron

Transportation of Iron from Canada → U.S. = Steel Industry

Agriculture & Industry Map Activity Color the Great Plain states brown Label states that grew cotton with a picture of a green t-shirt (across the south - Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, North & South Carolina) Label states that grew corn with a picture of an ear of corn (Illinois & Nebraska) Color Texas purple & draw cattle trail from Texas to Missouri Label Birmingham, Alabama, as a part of the steel industry by drawing a red dot Industrial areas in the North color blue Draw the Transcontinental Railroad Label states with Coal Mines with a black dot (WV, TN, KY)