SOLUTIONS - HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES, 2 or more substances mixed together at the molecular level saltwater steel (alloy) air

SUSPENSIONS (muddy water - solute settles out) NOT SOLUTIONS SUSPENSIONS (muddy water - solute settles out) COLLOID (milk - globules) TYNDALL EFFECT Light will be visible when passing through colloids & suspensions

WATER - UNIVERSAL SOLVENT IONIC HYDROXYL

MOLARITY (MEASURE OF CONCENTRATION) MOLES OF SOLUTE LITERS OF SOLUTION g mol mL mL g L 38 g sucrose (C12H22O11) 354 mL

PRACTICE 5g NaCl in 500mL 10g CaO in 100mL 20g HCl in 200mL 25g Li2O in 500mL

You need to make 100 mL of a 2M sucrose solution MOLES OF SOLUTE LITERS OF SOLUTION 100mL 2M g 1000mL 1 mol (C12H22O11)

PRACTICE 1M NaCl in 500mL 0.5M CaO in 100mL 0.2M HCl in 200mL 0.8M (C6H12O6) in 300mL

Add 40 mL of 1M solution to 10mL water = 50 mL of a 0.8M solution Appendix A CiVi = CfVf You have a 1M glucose solution. You need 50 mL of a 0.8M solution (1M)(Vi) =( 0.8M)(50mL) Vi = 40mL Add 40 mL of 1M solution to 10mL water = 50 mL of a 0.8M solution

Could you do this if you started with a 1M solution? PRACTICE START ALL SOLUTIONS WITH A 2M CONCENTRATION Make 500ml of a 0.5M NaCl solution Make 100ml of a 1M CaO solution Make 200mL of a 0.2M HCl solution Make 20mL of a 0.6M C6H12O6 solution Could you do this if you started with a 1M solution?

How easy it is for a solute to dissolve in a solvent SOLUBILITY How easy it is for a solute to dissolve in a solvent Review - IV and DV?

INSOLUBLE - unable to mix with solvent Polar and Polar

SATURATED - point which no more solute will dissolve Equilibrium - solute moves into and out of solution at an equal rate Supersaturated - increase in temperature allows more solute to be dissolved. As solution cools, solution becomes supersaturated

RELATE TO AQUATIC LIFE (RIVERS, ARCTIC OCEAN, INDIAN OCEAN, ETC.) GAS AS A SOLUTE RELATE TO AQUATIC LIFE (RIVERS, ARCTIC OCEAN, INDIAN OCEAN, ETC.)

homo- solution milli mole molarity milliliter molar mass solute solvent solubility insoluble