Chapter 2 Exploring Data with Graphs and Numerical Summaries

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 Exploring Data with Graphs and Numerical Summaries Section 2.6 Recognizing and Avoiding Misuses of Graphical Summaries

Summary: Guidelines for Constructing Effective Graphs Label both axes and provide proper headings. To better compare relative size, the vertical axis should start at 0. Be cautious in using anything other than bars, lines, or points. It can be difficult to portray more than one group on a single graph when the variable values differ greatly. Consider instead using separate graphs, or plotting relative sizes such as ratios or percentages.

Example: Heading in Different Directions Figure 2.18 An Example of a Poor Graph. Question: What’s misleading about the way the data are presented?

Example: Heading in Different Directions Figure 2.19 A Better Graph for the Data in Figure 2.18. Question: What trends do you see in the enrollments from 1996 to 2004?