Safe & Environmentally-friendly Pipe Connection Technology Environmental Gasket Safe & Environmentally-friendly Pipe Connection Technology

The Future of High Performance Sealing FISHBONE™ Gasket The Future of High Performance Sealing

Spiral Wound Gaskets Historical Development Developed in early 1900s, evolved to become the industry standard for higher temp and higher pressure applications in refining, petrochemical, oil, gas and power. SWG dimensions for ASME 16.5 & 16.47 flanges are specified in ASME 16.2 ( and correlating API standard) JIS, JP and DIN are other common dimensional standards Extensively used in Refining, Petrochemical, Chemical and Power

Spiral Wound Gasket Installation and performance problems Unwinding (especially large narrow cross section gaskets) High minimum seating stress (12,000PSI) results in buckling Windings entering process stream

Expensive Spiral Wound Failure!

Spiral Wound Gasket “Fixes” ASME 16.2 Para 3.2.5 now mandates all PTFE SWGs have inner rings to increase “hoop strength” to avoid buckling, unraveling and filler material ingression into pipe API now recommends that all SWGs in refinery service, including graphite, have inner rings to avoid buckling, unraveling and FM ingression into pipe

Spiral Wound Gaskets Advantages Excellent compression Self-energized by system pressure Good general service sealability Decades of use in many industries Disadvantages Easily falls apart Easily crushed Flange damage from sharp windings Insufficient load results in “soft” co connection High In Service Stress Relaxation Limited Recovery

Camprofile (Kammprofile) Gaskets Historical Development Developed in 1980s to replace problematic and failing SWGs Design eliminates many of the known issues of SWGs Unitary metallic design eliminates all unwinding/ buckling issues Compressibility like sheet gasket results in lower initial seating stress than SWGs Will not fall apart in temperature/ pressure/ vibration cycling Low in-service stress relaxation Large diameter gaskets easy to handle ( no windings to “pop out”) Bolt load (gasket stress) directly applied to sealing face versus windings like in SWG Achieves minimum sealing stress (6,000PSI) quicker than SWGs Widely used in Europe but only now becoming more popular in USA Common solution for heat exchangers Comes with or without centering ring

Camprofile (Kammprofile) Gaskets Advantages Does not fall apart or unwind like SWGs Non-crushable/ Difficult to destroy by over-compression Easy to handle/ install Excellent compressibility and loading / low seating stress Better sealability than SWG Less sensitive to bolt up inconsistencies and minor flange surface blemishes Disadvantages Poor recovery performance ( virtually zero recovery) Sharp teeth damage and degrade flange sealing surface Not self-energized by fluid pressure (dead gasket)

FISHBONE™Gasket Historical Development Using a Six Sigma design and quality philosophy, the Environmental Gasket design team researched, cataloged and tested the good and bad features of all current gasket technologies The design team then set out to design, from the ground up, a new and remarkable gasket technology which incorporated only the relevant good features of current high performance gaskets, while eliminating any and all of the negative features and variables. The result is a patented gasket design which can only be described as the “Ultimate Gasket Technology” for the 21st Century.

21st Century Gasket Technology FISHBONE™Gasket Shown Uncompressed 21st Century Gasket Technology

21st Century Gasket Technology FISHBONE™Gasket The Ultimate Gasket for critical and chronic problem applications Shown Uncompressed 21st Century Gasket Technology

21st Century Gasket Technology PATENTED FishboneTM Features & Benefits 1. Stop-step design – Non-Crushable! 2. Round-teeth design – No Flange Damage! 3. Self-energized by fluid pressure 4. Extraordinary High Strength, Totally CNC Machined Metallurgy 21st Century Gasket Technology

21st Century Gasket Technology Style 1 Type Style 2 Reinforced/Duo-seal Type Male & Female Flanges Raised Face & Flat Face Flanges Style I Type To replace Spiral Wound Style R & RIR & Kammprofile Basic Type Style II Type / Duo-seal To replace Spiral Wound Style CG, Style CGI & Kammprofile Reinforced Type Available To replace Spiral Wound Style R Type Tongue & Groove Flanges 21st Century Gasket Technology

FISHBONE™ - How it works

STILL™ Program 25 times lower leakage than CFET Test limit 1,000,000 times lower leakage than TA-LUFT Test limit 25 times lower leakage than CFET Test limit PASS API 6FB Fire Test

TA-Luft Test Results

Chevron CFET Gasket Test

STILL™ Program Materials Metal: MONEL 400, 317L SS, Titanium, 304 SS, 304L SS etc. Non-metallic Seal Face: Flexible Graphite, PTFE, ePTFE Temperature Range If the seal face width > 9mm, select Type II Duo-seal If width ranges from 5.5mm to 9mm, select Type I Basic type Duo-Seal Reinforced Type Basic Type Sizes Material Min. Temp. (°C) Max. Temp. (°C) Min. Temp. (°F) Max. Temp. (°F) Flexible Graphite -212 650 -350 1200 PTFE -240 260 -400 500 Mica 1000 1850 DN PN (MPa) NPS Class (lbs) 10 ~ 2000 1.6 ~ 40 ½” ~ 60” 150 ~ 2500

ENVIRONMENTAL GASKET Fishbone™ pH Range: 0 – 14 Except Strong Oxidizers Pressure Rating: Vacuum to 5000 PSIG ( 350bar ) Temperature Rating: Steam: -320ºF to 1200ºF (-200ºC to 650ºC), Inert Medium: -320ºF to 1600ºF (-200°C to 900ºC) P x T Rating: C x Bar = 250,000; F x PSI = 6,000,000 Low Minimum Seating Stress (Y Factor): 6,000PSI Very Low Minimum In Service Stress (EN-13555) @160Bar pressure Qsmin(60MPA) is 18MPA (2,600PSI) @40 Bar pressure Qsmin(60MPA) is 5MPA (750PSI)

Compression of “Bone” and Sealing Element Flange Roughness Sealing Element “Bone” Uncompressed Compressed

“Bone” Shape: 3 Arcs provide bending moment for elastic recovery Long teeth design, better recovery “Bone” Shape: 3 Arcs provide bending moment for elastic recovery There are 3 half circles on each Fishbone teeth, which provide 3 recovery points. Recovery Points Before After Uncompressed

Long teeth design, better pressure resistant When Fishbone is pressed, its bending teeth balance more press than other gaskets' straight teeth “Bone” Shape: 3 Arcs provide bending moment for elastic recovery than sharpe teeth root does, avoid of yield strength. By contributing press into larger places, Fishbone gasket enjoys better fatigue resistance and longer life. Long teeth design, better pressure resistant Before After Compressed

Continuous Support for Sealing Element Across Gasket Face

Support for Sealing Element Across Gasket Face Fishbone: Continuous and no flange damage Spiral Wound: Discontinuous and flange damage Camprofile: Discontinuous and flange damage

Flange Condition Fishbone replaced Gore 500 Expanded PTFE Tape on severely rotated flange

Rotated Flange Sealing Uncompressed sealing material allows fluid penetration “Bones” compress sealing material using system fluid pressure

Flange Condition Boiler Header Flange: Fishbone installed and working well!

Easy to Handle and Install

Heat Exchanger Reliability Sealing Program

Heat Exchanger Realities

Hot fluid out Steam in Cool fluid in In operation, these flanges have two totally different temperature zones. They are Hot at the top and Cold at the bottom.

These thermal images of Heat Exchangers, at operating temperatures, show clearly the varying temperature zones that the gaskets and bolts are seeing. The result is that the originally applied gasket seating stresses are no longer being maintained and any additional thermal cycling will further negatively effect the seating stress

Traditional Heat Exchanger Gaskets Metal Jacketed/ Envelope - Low Compressibility - Require Excellent Flange Surface Finish - Very High In-Service Consolidation= Hot Torqueing Spiral Wound Gaskets - Without Inner Ring Large Gaskets Easily Unwind ( Spare Required) - Requires High Seating Stress (Y Factor= 12,000 PSI) - High Seating Stress= Buckling, Bolt Yielding, Flange Rotation - Uneven Loading Causes Failure Camprofile Gaskets - Sharp Teeth Damage Flange Face - No Recovery= Fails with Temperature cycles

Sealing Elements Available: Graphite, PTFE, Expanded PTFE, MIca Any Heat Exchanger gasket configuration style is available with diameters up to 5 feet (2 meters). Available in various metallurgies to meet the requirements of any specialized application. Sealing Elements Available: Graphite, PTFE, Expanded PTFE, MIca

Vertical Heat Exchanger Spiral Wound Gasket Removed Fishbone Installed

Fishbone™ vs. Spiral Wound Spiral Wound Advantages Compress easily and acceptable recovery rate. Self-energized by system pressure. Acceptable seal-ability Disadvantages Easy to fall apart Easily crushed and prone to unwinding and buckling in systems with fluctuating pressures or excessive vibration. Flange damage because of the very thin sharp winding edges. Fishbone™ Advantages Structurally very strong; all CNC machined. The Fishbones™ are self energized by pressure. The angled Fishbones™ with rounded tips cause no flange face damage. Highly resistant to pressure fluctuations and vibration. All of these technologies are 30+ to 100+ years old! Fishbone™ vs. Spiral Wound

Fishbone™ vs. Kammprofile Kammprofile Advantages Can not unwind like Spiral Wound Difficult to destroyed by over compression Disadvantages They have virtually Zero recovery, which is a significant issue in systems that experience temperature cycling. The solid perpendicular points very frequently dent and degrade the flange sealing surfaces. They receive Zero sealing assistance or self-energizing effect from system pressure. Fishbone™ Advantages All of these technologies are 30+ to 100+ years old! They have excellent recovery. The angled Fishbones™ with rounded tips cause no flange face damage. The Fishbones™ are self energized by pressure. Fishbone™ vs. Kammprofile