Poetic Forms

Textbook Explain what this passage is about. Why does Mickey Mouse have four fingers? Conversations with many cartoonists, animators, and Disney employees confirm that Mickey Mouse has four fingers because it is convenient for the artists and animators who have drawn him. In the early cartoons, each frame was hand-drawn by an animator. No part of the human body is harder to draw than a hand, and it is difficult to draw distinct fingers without making the whole hand look too large. Textbook Explain what this passage is about. Was it easy to understand?

Conceptually, the Nyquist diagram is plotted by substituting the points of the contour. This process is equivalent to performing complex arithmetic using the vectors of G(s) drawn to the points of the contour. Each pole and zero term of G(s) is a vector. The resultant vector, R, found at any point along the contour is in general the product of the zero vectors divided by the product of the pole vectors. Thus, the magnitude of the resultant is the product of the zero lengths divided by the product of the pole lengths, and the angle of the resultant is the sum of the zero angles minus the sum of the pole angles. Textbook Explain what this passage is about. You probably had trouble understanding the harder textbook, because we do not understand the way that it is written. Poetry can be like this, too. This is what can make it hard. In this unit, I will teach you how to understand poetry

Some poems have formulas. Here is the “Rotten Poem” formula. Try it! My rotten poem: In the headphones of my mind I can taste the drumming of your fingers I sat down and ate a piece of buttered toast And smiled at the day ahead of me. What do you think of this poem? Do you like it? What is this poem about? Some poems have formulas. Here is the “Rotten Poem” formula. Try it! A Rotten Poem In the ____(noun)____ of my mind (Combine your senses) (A non-exciting activity, written in the past tense) (A statement that shows some optimism about the future)

Read your Rotten poem to the class What do we think? Are these poems any good? They may be fun or easy to write but they are not the best. It’s because they have NO theme. They just have a framework like a blueprint. Why? Theme!! A good poem must have a

Bio Poems What about this one? It has a theme. Do you like this one? George Truthful, responsible, reliable, friendly Relative of Lawrence Washington Who loves farming, soldiers, adventure Who feels proud, grateful, brave Who needs medicine, better teeth, to retire to Mount Vernon Who fears his country losing freedom or independence, false teeth Who gives help, friendship, love Who would like to see no slavery, a free country, people working together Resident of Mount Vernon Washington What about this one? It has a theme. Do you like this one? Is it good poetry?

Although it has a theme it limits creativity and originality I say No! why? Bio Poem Framework: Line 1: Your first name only Line 2: Four adjectives that describe you Line 3: Son/daughter of __ Line 4: Lover of (name three things-phrases work best) Line 5: Who feels (name three) In the following sections, writer may name as many as they like. Line 6: Who finds happiness in __ Line 7: Who needs __ Line 8: Who gives __ Line 9: Who fears __ Line 10: Who would like to see __ Line 11: Who enjoys __ Line 12: Who likes to wear __ Line 13: Resident of (city or neighbourhood) Line 14: Your last name only Although it has a theme it limits creativity and originality

Forms of Poetry Just a few…There are Many more! 2/16/2019 Forms of Poetry Just a few…There are Many more! Descriptive poem Fork ballad Literary Ballad Diamante Narrative Poem Found Poem Epic poem Tanka Rotten Dramatic poem Elegy Sonnet Epigram Epitaph Odes Cinquain Concrete Free Verse Poem Dramatic Bio Ones in red, are the poems we will be writing in class Watch This! - Other Forms and Traditions in Poetry by Shmoop (2:33mins): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efVuneAxSJM Acrostic Lyric Diamante Limerick Haiku

Open & Closed Poetry is written in closed or open form Open form poetry is characterized by the lack of pattern. The content creates the form. Closed form poetry is characterized by patterns: verse, rhyme, meter and/or syllable. The content fits into the form.

Shape poem Free Verse Concrete Open Form Poetry Not all poetry needs to be in a framework. Nor does it have to have correct punctuation or grammar. Content determines the form of the poem. Punctuation, line breaks, and white spaces become very important in open form poetry. Shape poem Free Verse Concrete

Free Verse “MOTHER TO SON By Langston Hughes Well, son, I’ll tell you: Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair. It’s had tacks in it, And splinter, And boards torn up, And places with no carpet on the floor— But all the time I’se been a-climbin’ on And reachin’ landin’s And turnin’ corners, And sometimes goin’ in the dark Where there ain’t been no light. So, boy, don’t you turn back. Don’t you set down on the steps ‘Cause you finds it kinder hard. Don’t you fall now— For I’se still goin’, honey, I’se still climbin’, And life for me ain’t been no crystal stair Free Verse is an irregular form of poetry in which the content is free of traditional rules of versification, (freedom from fixed meter or rhyme). In moving from line to line, the poet's main consideration is where to insert line breaks. Some ways of doing this include breaking the line where there is a natural pause or at a point of suspense for the reader. It often mimics natural speech.

Concrete Poems Words create picture More a visual than a literary form Related to Pop Art

Lee Gately

Roger McGough

LEO PEÑA

Forsythia By Mary Ellen Solt How does the layout of a concrete poem contribute to its meaning?

Shape poem Create a picture or visual pattern Content is more important than shape Content follows general grammatical rules Shape complements content of poem

Easter Wings by George Herbert Lord, Who createdst man in wealth and store, Though foolishly he lost the same, Decaying more and more, Till he became Most poore: With Thee O let me rise, As larks, harmoniously, And sing this day Thy victories: Then shall the fall further the flight in me. My tender age in sorrow did beginne; And still with sicknesses and shame Thou didst so punish sinne, That I became Most thinne. With Thee Let me combine, And feel this day Thy victorie; For, if I imp my wing on Thine, Affliction shall advance the flight in me.

Swan and Shadow John Hollander Dusk Above the water hang the loud flies Here O so gray then What A pale signal will appear When Soon before its shadow fades Where Here in this pool of opened eye In us No Upon us As at the very edges of where we take shape in the dark air this object bares its image awakening ripples of recognition that will brush darkness up into light even after this bird this hour both drift by atop the perfect sad instant now already passing out of sight toward yet-untroubled reflection this image bears its object darkening into memorial shades Scattered bits of light No of water Or something across water Breaking up No Being regathered soon Yet by then a swan will have gone Yes out of mind into what vast pale hush of a place past sudden dark as if a swan sang Swan and Shadow John Hollander

Recognizable patterns Closed form poems Recognizable patterns Patterns can be determined by: Stanza length Metrical pattern (ex: iambic pentameter) Rhyme scheme Syllable count

Meter Review Patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables The basic unit of meter is a foot. Most common feet in English poetry: Iamb  / Trochee /  Anapest   / Dactyl /   Spondee / / Pyrrhic  

Review Metrical Lines One foot monometer Two feet dimeter Three feet trimeter Four feet tetrameter Five feet pentameter Six feet hexameter Seven feet heptameter Eight feet octameter

Types of Closed Poetry Limerick Diamante Cinquain Sonnet

Limerick Gervaise There was a young belle of old Natchez Whose garments were always in patchez When comment arose On the state of her clothes She drawled, When Ah itchez, Ah scratchez! --Ogden Nash There was a young woman named Plunnery Who rejoiced in the practice of gunnery Till one day unobservant She blew up a servant And was forced to retire to a nunnery. --Edward Gorey Limerick 5 line nonsense poem First line ends in proper name of place or person Rhyme: aabba Meter: 1st, 2nd and 5th lines are anapestic trimeter:   /   /   / 3rd and 4th lines are anapestic dimeter:   /   /

Diamante A 7 lined poem. That is diamond in shape Rain humid, damp Line 1: Noun or subject Line 2: Two Adjectives describing the first noun/subject Line 3: Three -ing words describing the first noun/subject Line 4: Four words: two about the first noun/subject, two about the antonym/synonym Line 5: Three -ing words about the antonym/synonym Line 6: Two adjectives describing the antonym/synonym Line 7: Antonym/synonym for the subject Rain humid, damp refreshing, dripping, splattering wet, slippery, cold, slushy sliding, melting, freezing frigid, icy Snow

Cinquain Cinquain is a short, usually unrhymed poem consisting of twenty-two syllables distributed as 2, 4, 6, 8, 2, in five lines Line 1: Noun Line 2: Description of Noun Line 3: Action Line 4: Feeling or Effect Line 5: Synonym of the initial noun Spaghetti Messy, spicy Slurping, sliding, falling Between my plate and mouth Delicious

Sonnet “Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?” (Sonnet 18) - Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometimes declines, By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed. But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee A Sonnet is a poem consisting of 14 lines (iambic pentameter) with a particular rhyming scheme. The poem is written in three quatrains and ends with a couplet Examples of a rhyming scheme: #1) abab cdcd efef gg #2) abba cddc effe gg #3) abba abba cdcd cd Sonnets by Shmoop (2:39mins): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42_QOaCL8uc

Stop and Think… Sonnet Italian origin Lyric 14 lines Iambic pentameter Specific rhyme scheme Stop and Think… Explain the function of rhyme in a sonnet.

TRY IT! Dramatic poem, Elegy, Sonnet, Epigram, Epitaph, Odes, Descriptive poem, Narrative Poem, Epic poem, Concrete, Dramatic Research one of the forms of poetry listed below and then complete the following tasks: List the form’s characteristics Find a poem of the type written by a professional Write a poem of your own, paying attention to the various characteristics of the poetic form you researched.